Afcat Important Current Affair, Defense & Static Question 2025

• The highest rank in supervisory officers is commanded by: Director General
• In India, the Director General of Police (DGP) is a 3 star rank and the highest ranking police officer in India.
• Who was the first Woman Lieutenant General of Indian Army (LG)? - Punita Arora
• Who was the first five-star rank holding officer in Indian Airforce? - Arjan Singh

• Who among the following is one of the recipients of the Major Dhyan Chand Khel Ratna Award 2024 for outstanding contribution to sports? - Harmanpreet Singh.
• Who is the first Woman Air Marshal of Indian Air Force (IAF)? - Padmavati Bandopadhyay 
• The rank of Major General in the Indian Army is equivalent to: Rear Admiral in Indian Navy
• Which sports personality has been awarded the honorary rank of Group Captain by the IAF? - Sachin Tendulkar
• The equivalent Army rank of Director General CISF is: Lieutenant General (Level 17)

• Who has been selected for the Dr. C. Narayana Reddy National Literary Award? - Sivashankari
• Who among the following is the first person outside Indian Navy to become the Director General of Indian Coast Guard? - Rajendra Singh
• The rank of Captain of the Indian Navy is equivalent to which one of the following? - Group Captain in the Indian Air Force
• Which among the following is the highest rank in Indian Air Force? - Air Marshal
• Field Marshal is the highest rank in Army
• A local rank upto and including the rank of commandant only shall be conferred by the: Director General
• Which Indian Army command is involved in Vajra Prahar 2023? - Eastern Command
• The Uzbekistan contingent for Exercise DUSTLIK is represented by personnel from which operational command? - Eastern Operational Command
• Who has become the first woman officer to assume command of the Communication Zone Mechanical Transport Battalion? - Colonel Shuchita Shekhar
• What is the name of the machine pistol inducted into the Indian Army's Northern Command? - Asmi
• Which command of the Indian Armed Forces carried out the successful launch of the new variant of a Medium-Range Ballistic Missile on April 23, 2024? - Strategic Forces Command
• At which Indian naval command were the Precision Approach Radar and Integrated Underwater Harbour Defence and Surveillance System inaugurated in February, 2024? - Andaman and Nicobar Command (ANC)
• INS Delhi was named the Best Ship of the Eastern Fleet during the Fleet Awards Function held on July 14, 2024.
• Which of the following is the highest award (in the order of precedence) for military services in India? - Param Vir Chakra The Gallantry Awards portal has organized an 'Innovative Tributes to Bravehearts' competition.
• The 92nd Raising Day of the Indian Air Force was celebrated for the first time at the Tambaram Air Force Station near Chennai.
• The Param Vir Chakra garden and Aikyam exhibition were inaugurated at Kanchi Mahaswami Vidya Mandir in Tambaram, Chennai.
• Vir Chakra, India's third-highest wartime gallantry medal, was awarded to Wing Commander Abhinandan Varthaman.
• Out of which Gallantry Awards belong to the category of Gallantry in the face of the enemy? - Vir chakra
• Which of the following gallantry awards was renamed as "Shaurya Chakra" in the year 1967 by Government of India ? - Ashoka Chakra Class - III
• How many gallantry awards were approved by President Droupadi Murmu on the eve of the 78th Independence Day for personnel of the armed forces and Central Armed Police Forces? - 103

Salim Gafur Shaikh, a bus driver from Gujarat, has been honored with 'Uttam Jeevan Raksha Padak'. He drove through a hail of bullets. He saved the lives of more than 50 Amarnath Yatra pilgrims. The highest Gallantry award for civilians is the Sarvottam Jeevan Raksha Padak.

• The highest honour for Police in India - President's Police Gallantry Award
• Who is the first woman to have been awarded the Yudh Seva Medal? - Minty Agarwal
• Major Somnath Sharma was the first recipient of the Param Vir Chakra.He was posthumously awarded for his bravery in the Battle of Badgam during the Indo-Pakistani War of 1947
• Havildar Hangpan Dada was posthumously awarded the Ashoka Chakra in 2016 for his fearless actions in counterinsurgency operations in the inhospitable terrains of Jammu and Kashmir.
• Squadron Leader Oruganti Sunderesiya was awarded the Kirti Chakra for his outstanding bravery and leadership.
• Wing Commander Abhinandan Varthaman was awarded the Veer Chakra for his gallant actions in aerial combat during the 2019 India-Pakistan standoff.
• General Arun Kumar Vaidya, the 13th Chief of Army Staff received the Mahavir Chakra twice. He received the awards in 1965 and 1971 which is a rare privilege
• The FWD-200B is India's first indigenous bomber Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV), developed by Flying Wedge Defence and Aerospace Technologies
• INS Tushil is a stealth-guided missile frigate commissioned into the Indian Navy by Defence Minister Rajnath Singh on December 9, 2024, at the Yantar Shipyard, Kaliningrad, Russia
• INS Tushil was commissioned at Kaliningrad, Russia on 09 Dec 2024. INS Tushil is an upgraded version of the Krivak III class frigates.
• Inauguration of C-295 Full Motion Simulator at Air Force Station Agra
• The Indian Army has inducted 550 'Asmi' machine pistols into its Northern Command.
• India successfully test fired VSHORADS (Very Short Range Air Defence System) 4 gen missiles at Pokhran in Rajasthan as part of development trials.
• Indonesia is set to purchase BrahMos missiles from India, a landmark move in India's defense exports.
• HAASW stands for High-Altitude Anti- Submarine Warfare.These sonobuoys are used to detect and track submarines from high altitudes, typically deployed from helicopters, aircraft, or UAVs.
• The seventh Missile Cum Ammunition (MCA) Barge, LSAM 14, was launched on December 12, 2024, at Mira Bhayandar, Maharashtra.
• India's first quasi-ballistic missile, Pralay, is set to be showcased at the Republic Day parade
• Taiwan recently announced the deployment of NASAMS in North Taiwan to enhance its air defense capabilities and protect critical infrastructure like its capital, Taipei.
• DRDO successfully conducted a ground test of a scramjet combustor for 120 seconds.The test used an active-cooled scramjet engine, achieving stable combustion with advanced techniques. Hypersonic missiles using scramjet engines can travel at speeds above Mach 5.
• India successfully conducted field trials of the Nag Mk 2 Anti-Tank Guided Missile (ATGM) at Pokhran Field Firing Range in Rajasthan on January 16, 2025.
• Indian Navy's First Training Squadron (1TS) arrived at Changi Naval Base, Singapore on 6th February 2025.
• IIT Guwahati launches drone technology training for armed forces officers.
• Oxygen Recycling System to mitigate the current oxygen crisis has been designed by which one of the following? - Indian Navy
• Rajnath Singh launches army's project "Udbhav"
• DRDO launched 'Ugram', indigenous assault rifle for armed forces.
• CDS Gen Anil Chauhan inaugurates CAPSTER - 09: Focus on Al in warfare. Theme: Artificial Intelligence: Transforming Warfare
• The INDRA app which was recently seen in the news has been developed by BISAG in coordination with the Directorate of Naval Oceanology and Meteorology.
• Which university has signed an MoU with the Army Training Command to develop a 'Wargame Research and Development Centre' in New Delhi? - Rashtriya Raksha University (RRU)
• The Paratroopers Training School (PTS) of the Indian Air Force is located in Agra, Uttar Pradesh.
• The National Defence College (NDC) is located in New Delhi and is India's premier institution for strategic and security studies
• The Institute of Aviation Medicine (IAM) is located in Bangalore, Karnataka.

RalDer-X is an advanced explosive detection device capable of identifying up to 20 explosives from a stand-off distance of 2 meters. It provides real-time detection with precise identification of explosive materials, making it useful for security and defense applications. The Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) developed the device in collaboration with the Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bangalore. RalDer-X enhances India's counter-terrorism capabilities by ensuring rapid and accurate detection of explosive threats. 

• The Indian Military Academy (IMA) was established in Dehradun in 1932.It was inaugurated on 10 December 1932 by General Sir Philip Chetwode, the then Commander-in-Chief of India
• The Indian Army's Counter Insurgency and Jungle Warfare School is located at Vairangte, Mizoram.
• The 8th edition of the India-Kazakhstan Joint Military Exercise KAZIND-2024 was held in Auli, Uttarakhand.
• India, Singapore Conduct Joint Military Exercise 'Bold Kurukshetra 2025' in Rajasthan.
• Ex-Ayutthaya was the name of the maiden bilateral maritime exercise between the Indian Navy and Royal Thai Navy.
• Where was the 14th edition of the India-Russia bilateral naval exercise INDRA-2025 conducted? - Visakhapatnam
• Indian Army tests Al, surveillance tech in high- altitude 'Divya Drishti' exercise in Sikkim.
• The 6th edition of India-Uzbekistan Joint Military Exercise DUSTLIK commenced at the Foreign Training Node in Aundh, Pune on April 16, 2025
• Harimau Shakti" is a joint military exercise conducted between India and Malaysia
• The 31st edition of the Singapore India Maritime Bilateral Exercise (SIMBEX) was conducted in Visakhapatnam, India
• In the context of military operations, which of the following statements best describes the term "Amphibious Operations - An attack launched from the sea, combining naval and landing forces to achieve strategic objectives, often including operations on hostile shores with air participation
• Kargil War: It was a limited conflict fought between India and Pakistan from May to July 1999 in the Kargil district of Jammu and Kashmir.

Operation Vijay: The Indian Army launched this operation to push back the infiltrators and regain control of the territory.

Infiltration: Pakistani soldiers, disguised as militants, occupied Indian positions along the Line of Control (LoC) in the Kargil sector.

Outcome: India successfully recaptured the majority of the infiltrated positions, and Pakistan faced international condemnation for initiating the conflict.

Casualties: The war resulted in significant casualties on both sides, with India losing over 500 soldiers.

• Which Army's command established the think tank 'Gyan Shakti' to facilitate interaction on defence and security matters? - South Western Command

Operation Barbarossa was the code name for the Axis powers' military campaign against the Soviet Union during World War  marked Germany's attempt to invade and defeat the Soviet Union. Operation Barbarossa lasted from June 22, 1941, to December 8, 1941.The campaign officially began with the German invasion on June 22, 1941, and its failure to achieve objectives marked the conclusion of major offensives by December 1941. Operation Barbarossa: Launched on June 22, 1941, it was the largest military operation in history in terms of manpower and casualties, involving over 3 million Axis troops.

1947-48 War: This war, also known as the First Kashmir War, was triggered by Pakistan's attempt to annex Jammu and Kashmir through tribal militias. It ended with the establishment of the Line of Control (LoC).

1965 War: The second Indo-Pak war was again centered around Jammu and Kashmir, with Pakistan attempting to infiltrate forces through Operation Gibraltar. It ended with a ceasefire brokered by the Tashkent Agreement.

1971 War: This war was primarily about the independence movement in East Pakistan. India intervened to support the Mukti Bahini, leading to the creation of Bangladesh. It was not related to Jammu and Kashmir.

Operation Vijay: The military action was launched on December 18, 1961, and concluded within 36 hours with the successful annexation of Goa, Daman, and Diu.

Key Forces Involved: The operation involved the Indian Army (17th Infantry Division), the Indian Navy (INS Mysore and INS Delhi), and the Indian Air Force for coordinated attacks.

Portuguese Resistance: The Portuguese forces, though equipped with modern weapons, were heavily outnumbered and surrendered quickly.

Legacy: December 19 is celebrated as Goa Liberation Day to commemorate this historic event.

• What is the name of the national symposium on disaster management organized by the National Disaster Management Authority and the Army Southern Command in Chennai? - Exercise AIKYA
• Indian Army signed a contract for procurement of Tactical Access Switch. What is the significance of the Tactical Access Switch in military operations? - It enhances communication and data transfer capabilities
• INS Talwar is participating in the IBSAMAR VIII naval exercise in Simon's Town, South Africa. INS Talwar is part of the Indian Navy's Western Fleet, under the Western Naval Command.

The naval exercise IBSAMAR involves the navies of India, Brazil, and South Africa.

IBSAMAR aims to enhance interoperability and strengthen cooperation among the three participating navies. INS Talwar was commissioned on 18 June 2003 and plays a key role in India's naval operations.

• Operation Sankalp: This operation was initiated to ensure the safety of commercial shipping in the Arabian Sea and Gulf of Aden amidst rising tensions in the region.
• Operation Kaveri: It was launched to evacuate Indian nationals from Sudan during the 2023 conflict.
• Operation Ajay: This operation aimed at protecting and evacuating Indian citizens amidst the Israel-Palestine conflict in 2023.
• Operation Ganga: This was a large-scale evacuation mission to bring back Indian citizens from Ukraine during the Russian invasion in 2022.
• What is the primary function of the Advanced Flood Monitoring System (AFMS) developed by Trishakti Sappers from the Eastern Command of Indian Army? - To monitor water levels in real-time and issue early flood alerts
• Trishakti Sappers from the Eastern Command of the Indian Army have developed the Advanced Flood Monitoring System (AFMS).
• Operation Khejra was initiated in the year 1991. It was a significant operation conducted by the Indian Army.
• Operation Ganga was launched by the Indian government in February 2022 to evacuate Indian citizens, primarily students, stranded in Ukraine during the Russian invasion.
• Operation Raahat was conducted by India in 2015 to evacuate Indian citizens and other foreign nationals from Yemen during the Yemeni Crisis, which was marked by a violent conflict between Houthi rebels and Yemeni forces.
• Operation Black Thunder: Conducted in two phases (1986 and 1988), it aimed to eliminate militants occupying the Golden Temple in Amritsar, Punjab.

Nabhah Sparsham Diptam means Touch the Sky with Glory. The motto has been taken from the eleventh chapter of the Bhagavad Gita.

• The motto of SSB is "Service, Security, and Brotherhood".
• National Cadet Corps : The NCC was formed in 1948 (on the recommendation of H. N. Kunzru Committee-1946) and has its roots in British-era uniformed youth entities like University Corps or University Officer Training Corps. The need for having a motto for the Corps was discussed in the 11th Central Advisory Committee (CAC) meeting held on 11 Aug 1978. The mottos suggested were "Duty and Discipline"; "Duty, Unity and Discipline"; "Duty and Unity"; "Unity and Discipline".

Battle of Rezang La: This battle was fought between India and China in 1962. This battle is also known as 'Aakhri Paav' when every soldier fought till his last breath. The Indian side was led by Major Shaitan Singh Bhati, who was later awarded the Param Vir Chakra, India's highest gallantry award for conspicuous bravery or self- sacrifice in the face of the enemy.

Indian Coast Guard was set up on 18 August 1978. It protects the India's maritime interests and enforces maritime law. The Indian Coast Guard's motto is "वयम रक्षामः" (Vayam Rakshamah), which means "We Protect". The mission of Coast Guard is to safety and protection of fisherman, people, coastal boundaries of the country. It works with Indian Navy, Department of Fisheries and Department of Revenue.

• Who is known as the "Father of Indian Air Force"? - Subroto Mukherjee.
• On which occasion did the Andaman & Nicobar Command undertake its maiden all-women maritime surveillance mission? - International Women's Day
• The motto of "Indian Army - Service Before Self
• The motto of the Indian Coast Guard is Vayam Rakshamah.
• The Indian Airforce is the Fourth largest Airforce in the world in terms of both personnel and aircraft.
• Where has the Agni-Prime Ballistic Missile been flight-tested by the Strategic Forces Command & DRDO? - Odisha coast
• In 2024, Air Marshal Tejinder Singh was appointed as the at the Air Headquarters (Vayu Bhawan). - Deputy Chief of the Air Staff
• The 4th edition of Bilateral Exercise between Indian Navy and Bangladesh Navy, BONGOSAGAR-23 was held in the month of in 2023 - November 
• Name the person who was awarded Padma Shri award 2020 for social work that includes planting more than 30,000 saplings. - Smt. Tulsi Gowda
• Which Indian institution has awarded the prestigious Bal Sahitya Puraskar for 2025? - Sahitya Akademi
• Who has received the 2023 Templeton Prize?  - r. Edna Adan Ismail
• Who was awarded the 2025 Abel Prize? - Masaki Kashiwara
• Which musician won the Album of the Year at the Grammy Awards 2025? - Beyoncé
• To whom did President Droupadi Murmu confer the 58th Jnanpith Award? - Jagadguru Rambhadracharya and Gulzar
• Which two Indian texts were recently inscribed in UNESCO's Memory of the World Register in recognition of India's cultural and philosophical heritage? (April 2025) - Bhagavad Gita and Natyashastra
• In which year did UNESCO first adopt 21 March as World Poetry Day? - 1999
• When is National Maritime Day observed in India? - April 5
• When is World Meteorological Day officially observed each year? - 3 March
• What is the theme of United Nations World Wildlife Day (WWD) 2025? - 'Wildlife Conservation Finance: Investing in People and Planet"
• What is the theme for the International Day of Forests in 2025? - Forests and Food
• When was Project Tiger launched by the Government of India? - 1973
• What is the theme for Earth Day 2025? - Our Power Our Planet
• What is the theme of World Water Day 2025? - Glacier Preservation
• When is National Panchayati Raj Day celebrated? - April 24
• Where was the 'Yoga Mahotsav 2025' held to mark the 50 Da countdown to the 11th International Day of Yoga? - Nashik
• From which of the following states the 'Farukhfal's painting' is related to? - Udaipur
• Where is Daksheshwar temple situated? - Rishikesh
• Shri Bhagawan Mahaveer Government Museum is located in - Andhra Pradesh
• Which city is known as 'Mecca of Indian Football?' - Kolkata
• In which of the following cities is the Palitana temple located?- Bhavnagar
• Where is India's first Ramayana Art Museum established? - Orchha
• In which city of India is Shri Lal Bahadur Shastri Rashtriya Sanskrit Vidyapeeth located- New Delhi
• The Ghazi-ud-Din Haidar Shahi Mosque is located in which city of Uttar Pradesh? - Lucknow
• The location of 'Dhamek Stupa' is: Sarnath
• In which Indian state is the Hokersar Wetland, a Ramsar site known for its significance as a habitat for migratory birds, located? - Jammu and Kashmir
• The Government Freedom Struggle Museum is located in: Meerut
• Which of the following folk dances is performed by the fisherfolk of the Mithila region in Bihar- Kamala
• Vishnu Prasad, who recently passed away associated with which field? - Actor
• Who is the first woman full-time finance minister of India? - Smt. Nirmala Sitharaman

• Who has become the brand ambassador for Government of India (Gol)'s road safety awareness campaign? - Akshay Kumar
• Shri Amit Shah is the current Minister of Home Affairs of India.
• Who took charge recently as the new Chief Election Commissioner? - Gyanesh Kumar
• Who has assumed the appointment of Air Officer-in-Charge Maintenance, Indian Air Force - Air Marshal Ajay Kumar Arora
• Who is the first person to run across Africa? - Russ Cook
• National Institute of Mountaineering and Adventure Sports (NIMAS) is located at Arunachal Pradesh
• Prime Minister of Greece paid state visit to India in March 2024. What is his name? Kyriakos Mitsotakis
• The Kilauea volcano, known for its frequent eruptions, is classified as which type of volcano- Shield volcano
• The Prime Minister inaugurated 26" National Youth Festival at which of the following place? - Hubli

Kilimanjaro is the highest peak in Africa (5,892 m).

Elbrus is the highest peak in Europe (5,642 m).

Aconcagua is the highest peak in South America (6,962 m).

Denali is the highest peak in North America (6,194 m).

Kosciuszko is the highest peak in Australia (2,228 m), part of the 'Bass list'.

Mount Vinson is the highest peak in Antarctica (4,892 m).

Mount Everest is the highest peak in Asia and the world (8,848 m).

• The East China Sea, recently in the news due to Chinese naval activity, is bordered by which of the following countries - South Korea, Japan, Taiwan, and China.
• Recently, New Caledonia was in the news, it is a territory of which of the following nation?-France
• The island recently in the news for maritime cooperation between Indonesia and China, located in the South China Sea and featuring Mount Ranai, is: Natuna Island
• India's first solar-powered village is located in which state? - Gujarat
• PM Modi flags off Katra-Srinagar Vande Bharat Express trains. What is the estimated worth of the development projects inaugurated or launched during the visit? 46,000 crore
• What is the name of the world's largest container vessel that reached Vizhinjam Port? - MSC Irina
• In which Northeast Indian state is the Indian Institute of Corporate Affairs (IICA) establishing its first regional campus? - Meghalaya
• What name has been given to the tiger corridor area connecting the Kawal Tiger Reserve in Telangana with the Tadoba-Andhari Tiger Reserve in Maharashtra? Kumram Bheem Conservation Reserve
• Which Indian state plans to establish its first tiger safari in the Barwadih Western Forest Range, aimed at housing rescued and orphaned tigers to boost tourism and
• conservation? -  Jharkhand
• Which Indian state has implemented a strict anti-tobacco law that raises the legal age to 21 , bans hookah bars, and enforces stricter penalties for violations? - Karnataka
• From which year must a person continuously reside in Ladakh to be considered a domicile by 2034? - 2019
• PM Modi will inaugurate the Chunniganj Metro Station to Kanpur Central Metro Station section of Kanpur Metro Rail Project worth over Rs 2,120 crore. How many
• planned stations are there in this metro section? - 14
• On World Turtle Day, Nagshankar Temple in Assam was officially declared a model temple for turtle conservation.
• Where is the confluence of Godavari, Pranahita, and Saraswati located? - Kaleshwaram
• How many digital Kisan Credit Cards had been created in India by March 2025? - 7.75 crore
• The term "A1 RAM" was recently in the news. What is it about? - A methodology for assessing A1 readiness and fostering responsible A1 adoption in India
• PM Modi inaugurated Chenab Bridge, world's highest rail arch bridge in Jammu and Kashmir
• Who launched the Ek Ped Maa Ke Naam 2.0 campaign? - Dharmendra Pradhan
• Khichan and Menar in Rajasthan recently got Ramsar site tags. How many Ramsar Sites does India now have in total? - 91
• Govt to conduct Population Census- 2027 in two phases with caste enumeration.
• Name the portal which has been launched by the Ministry of Ayush to monitor misleading advertisements and adverse drug reactions in the traditional medicine sector? - Ayush Suraksha Portal
• Who launched Swachh Survekshan Grameen (SSG) 2025? - C R Patil
• Which ministry has decided to confer honorary ranks in CAPFs and Assam Rifles? -  Ministry of Home Affairs
• Central Food Technological Research Institute is situated at- Mysore
• "Vision India 2047" a blueprint to make India a developed nation by 2047 is released by which of the following body? - NITI Aayog
• Under Indira Gandhi Shahri Rojgar Guarantee Scheme, age limit criteria for the beneficiary is - 18 to 60 years
• When was the Agricultural Produce Trade and Commerce (Promotion and Facilitation) Bill introduced? - 2020
• Second batch of NAKSHA phase 2 capacity building programme. What does NAKSHA stand for? - National Geospatial Knowledge-Based Land Survey of Urban Habitations
• Under which scheme has the Delhi government launched free health cover for senior citizens? - Ayushman Vay Vandana
• Which state is set to launch a unified health insurance scheme integrating Ayushman Bharat, Gopabandhu Jan Arogya, and Ayushman Vayo-Vandana Yojana in April 2025? - Odisha
• Parliament passes Protection of Interests in Aircraft Objects Bill 2025. The bill seeks to implement the Convention on International Interests in Mobile Equipment andthe Protocol to the Convention on International Interests in Mobile Equipment signed at which location? - Cape Town
• India's proposed manned mission to space by ISRO is named as Gaganyaan
• In which year was the PM Gati Shakti National Master Plan launched? - 2021
• Which initiative has been launched to enhance parliamentary documentation and accessibility using A1 and real-time translations? - Sansad Bhashini
• Indian Navy to induct 5th century-inspired stitched ship in -  Karnataka.
• Tri-Services All-Women Sailing Expedition team returns home after completing two-month-long 1,800- nautical-mile voyage to Seychelles. What was the name of the vessel used in the expedition - Triveni
• The term 'double fault' is associated with which sport? - Tennis.

Football - Kick, Goal, Head, Penalty, kick, Dribble, Offside, Move, Hat- trick, Defender

Golf - Ace, albatross, double eagle, all square, approach putt, apron, ball mark, ballooning, beach, birdie, blind shot, bogey, bunker, caddy, chip, Claw grip, condor, dogleg, dub, flag, Four- Ball, Mulligan, off the deck, peg, sand trap, a tee shot, etc.

• Which of the following reports is released by the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA)?—World Energy Transitions Outlook.
• The process of burning of a candle involves - both physical & chemical change
• Which sandstone was used to build the first floor of the Ram Mandir - Pink sandstone.

Global Energy Review and Southeast Asia Energy Outlook are released by International Energy Agency.

The Energy Report is released by WWF (World Wildlife Fund).

• Which organization is developing the E-Hansa electric trainer aircraft in India - CSIR-National Aerospace Laboratories
• Barahat Shakti Stambh' inscription is related to which of the following - Guh 

(Inscriptions on this Shakti Stambh (pillar) are associated with King Ganeshwar and his son Guh, rulers of the Nagvanshi dynasty.

These inscriptions are in Brahmi script and provide valuable insights into the dynastic history of the region)

Some facts about National Parks in India:

State with highest no. of National parks: Madhya Pradesh(10).

UT with highest no. of National parks: Andaman & Nicobar Islands (9).

Total Number: 106

Total Area Covered: 44,402.95 km2.

1st National Park: Jim Corbett National Park (Uttarakhand).

Largest National Park:  Hemis National Park(Ladakh).

Smallest National Park: South Button National Park (Andaman & Nicobar Islands).

• Which state of India is the famous 'Khetri' mine located in? - Rajasthan
• Which ministry is responsible for the Swachh Bharat Abhiyan Gramin? - Ministry of Jal Shakti, Department of Drinking Water and Sanitation
• The term "Stratospheric Airship Platform" has recently been in the news. What does it refer to? A high-altitude airship developed by DRDO for persistent Earth observation, intelligence, surveillance, and communication relay.
• Who built the Dasavatara and the Ravana-ka-khai at Ellora? - Krishna I
• What is the respective percentages of CO₂, N₂, and O₂ in the atmosphere? CO₂ = 0.04%, N₂ = 78.08%, O₂ = 20.95%
• Where was the Indian Army's Teesta Prahar exercise conducted? - West Bengal
• The Joint Venture named 'ASHVINI' to develop a nuclear power facility in India is between NPCIL and NTPC
• Which Navy will the Indian Navy engage with during IMDEX Asia 2025? - Republic of Singapore Navy
• Who designed India Gate, also called the All-India War Memorial? - Edwin Lutyen
• Zloty is the currency of which country? - Poland
• Article 21: Ensures the right to life, interpreted by the judiciary to include the right to health.
• Article 39(e): Directs the state to protect children and workers from exploitation and abuse.
• Article 42: Mandates the provision of humane working conditions and maternity relief for workers.
• Article 47: Directs the state to improve public health and nutrition and the standard of living of its people.

Mandamus: "We command" - directs a public authority or government official to perform a duty that is mandated by law, ensuring lawful action. 

Habeas Corpus: "Produce the body" —A writ used to ensure a person unlawfully detained is brought before the court to check the legality of the detention.

Prohibition: Issued by a higher court to a lower court or tribunal, preventing it from proceeding with a case beyond its jurisdiction.

Certiorari: "To be certified" — Transferred from a lower court to a higher court for reviewing and correcting an error in a case where the lower court exceeded its jurisdiction.

Quo Warranto: "By what authority" — Challenges a person's right to hold a public office, asking them to show the authority by which they occupy the position.

• In which of the following city is the headquarter of Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) situated?- Rome.
• Following the Bhopal Gas Tragedy, which of the following legal precedents did the Indian Supreme Court recognize? - The right to a pollution-free environment as part of the Right to Life.
• Membership of the Governor Generals' executive council in colonial India was extended to the law member through the - Charter Act of 1833
• Where is the "Indian Institute of Economics" located? -  Hyderabad
• The Invar missile, recently seen in the news, is primarily used for: - Anti-tank operations with long-range precision strike capability.
• Dome Mountains are results of- Intrusion of Magma
• Who among the following has authored the play 'Nil Darpan'? - Dinabandhu Mitra
• Which country hosted the First Winter Olympic Games? - France
• Who was the only Indian Muslim to sit on the throne of Delhi during the Sultanate period? - Nasiruddin Khusrav Shah
• Aravalli is the oldest mountain range in India
• What has been called the incident of relinquishing home by Lord Buddha? - Mahabhinishkraman
• When can the President dissolve the Lok Sabha? - On the recommendation of the Union cabinet.
• Who among the following proposed the suggestion for a Constituent Assembly first in 1935? - MN. Roy
• When was the National Anthem adopted by the Constituent Assembly? - 24th January 1950
• Which Navy will the Indian Navy engage with during IMDEX Asia 2025? - Republic of Singapore Navy
• Which country has officially become a full member of BRICS as announced by Brazil in January 2025? - Indonesia
• The resolution of 'Purna Swaraj' was passed in the Lahore Congress in the year - 1929
• Which finance minister presented maximum budget? -  Morarji Desai
• Which is believed to be the only floating national park in the world? - Keibul Lamjao National Park
• What is the name of the solution that is employed to identify the existence of starch in food? - Iodine solution
• What is the chemical name of laughing gas? - Nitrous oxide
• Which state is hosting the Women's Kabaddi World Cup 2025? - Bihar
• Who among the following is a Carnatic music vocalist? - M Balamuralikrishna
• Which of these pollutants is a major contributor to air pollution - Sulfur dioxide
• During which Hindu lunar month is the Harela festival celebrated? -  Shravan
• Which year has been set as the target to achieve 10,000 Geographical Indication (Gl) tags in India? - 2030
• Where will the 17th edition of Exercise Nomadic Elephant be held? - Ulaanbaatar
• The Madhav Tiger Reserve is part of which geographical landscape? - Vindhya Range
• Nokrek National Park is located in the state of Meghalaya.
• In which year was the India's First National Park, the Hailey National Park, established? -  1936
• 'Hangul' (Kashmiri stag) is found in which Wildlife Sanctuary/National Park? - Dachigam Sanctuary.
• Which national park in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands is home to species like Megapode, crab-eating Macaque, Nicobar Pigeon, and Giant Robber Crab? - Campbell Bay National Park
• Tadoba national park known for sheltering tiger, panther and bear is located in - Chandrapur (Maharashtra)
• In which state is the Bhitarkanika National Park located? - Odisha
• Where is the Ervikulam National Park located? - Kerala
• In which of the following states, World's only Floating National Park - "Keibul Lamjao National Park" is situated? - Manipur
• Which of the following is a riverine sanctuary having the largest population of Gharial crocodiles situated in a tri - state protected area? - National Chambal Sanctuary