Complete Current Affairs for AFCAT 2026 | Defence, National & International Updates
AFCAT 2026 Most Important Current Affairs
Awards
71ST FILM AWARDS 2025
BEST ACTOR
| Category | Winner / Film |
|---|---|
| Best Actor | Shah Rukh Khan (Jawan) |
| Best Actor (Critics) | Vikrant Massey (12th Fail) |
| Best Actress | Rani Mukerji (Mrs. Chatterjee vs Norway) |
| Best Hindi Film | Kathal: A Jackfruit Mystery |
| Best Feature Film | 12th Fail |
| Lifetime Achievement | Mohanlal (Dadasaheb Phalke Award) |
29 HIGHEST CIVILIAN HONORS BESTOWED O PM MODI
| Country | Honour / Award Name |
|---|---|
| Oman | Order of Oman |
| Ethiopia | Great Honour Nishan |
| Namibia | Order of the Welwitschia |
| Brazil | Order of the Southern Cross |
| Trinidad & Tobago | Order of the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago |
| Ghana | Order of the Ghana |
| Cyprus | Order of Makarios II |
| Sri Lanka | Sri Lanka Mitra Vibhushana |
| Mauritius | Order of the Star and Key of the Indian Ocean |
| Barbados | Order of Freedom of Barbados |
Miss Universe 2025
- Winner: Fátima Bosch Fernández (Mexico)
- Host City: Bangkok, Thailand
- Runner-Up: Praveenar Singh
Miss World
-
Winner: Opal Suchita (Thailand)
FILM FARE AWARDS 2025
| Category | Winner / Film |
|---|---|
| Best Film | Laapataa Ladies |
| Best Director | Kiran Rao (Laapataa Ladies) |
| Best Actor | Kartik Aaryan (Chandu Champion) |
| Best Actor (Critics / Joint) | Abhishek Bachchan (I Want to Talk) |
| Best Actress | Alia Bhatt (Jigra) |
| Critics Award – Best Film | I Want to Talk |
NOBEL PRIZE 2025
| Category | Awardees |
|---|---|
| Physics | John Clarke, Michel H. Devoret, John M. Martinis |
| Economics | Susumu Kitagawa, Richard Robson, Omar M. Yaghi |
| Peace | María Corina Machado |
AWARDS & HONOURS
| Person / Entity | Award / Honour | Details / Reason |
|---|---|---|
| Leonardo DiCaprio | Desert Palm Achievement Award | For his role in One Battle After Another |
| Raveena Tandon | PETA India’s Person of the Year 2025 | Animal welfare advocacy |
| Neeraj Ghaywan’s Film – Homebound | Best International Feature Film | International recognition |
| Alia Bhatt | Golden Globes Horizon Award | At Red Sea International Film Festival, Jeddah |
| Supriya Sahu | UNEP Champions of the Earth Award 2025 | Climate action in Tamil Nadu |
| Michelle Bachelet | Indira Gandhi Peace Prize 2024 | Former President of Chile |
| Tom Cruise | Honorary Oscar | 2025 Governors Awards, Los Angeles |
| Keerthy Suresh | UNICEF India Celebrity Advocate | Child welfare & advocacy |
| David Szalay | Booker Prize 2025 | Hungarian-British author |
| Sri Sri Ravi Shankar | World Leader for Peace and Security Award 2025 | Global peace initiatives |
| Indian Peacekeepers (Abyei) | UNISFA Honour | Dedicated service |
| Sherry Singh | Mrs Universe Title | First-ever Indian winner, Manila |
| Donald Trump | Presidential Medal of Honor | Conferred by Israel |
| Sonali Ghosh | Kenton R. Miller Award | First Indian recipient; Kaziranga Director |
| Bibi Fatima SHG (Dharwad) | UNDP Equator Prize 2025 | Community-led development |
| Sunil Amrith | British Academy Book Prize 2025 | The Burning Earth |
| Keir Starmer | ‘Living Bridge’ Honour | India-UK Free Trade Agreement |
| Anuparna Roy | Best Director (Orizzonti) | Songs of Forgotten Trees, 82nd Venice Film Festival |
| Kokichi Akuzawa (102) | Guinness World Record | Oldest man to summit Mount Fuji |
| Suhani Shah | “Oscar for Magicians” | First Indian winner |
| Dharmendra Pradhan | Kalinga Ratna Award 2024 | Award conferred by President Murmu |
| Leila Aboulela | PEN Pinter Prize 2025 | Literature |
| Geetanjali Shree | International Booker Prize | Novel: Tomb of Sand |
| Deepika Sehrawat | Poligras Magic Skill Award | Magic & illusion |
| Varsha Deshpande | UN Population Award 2025 | Women’s rights activism |
| Manika Vishwakarma | Miss Universe India 2025 | Jaipur |
| Jinali Mody (India) | UNEP Champions of the Earth Award 2025 | Founder, Banofi Leather |
| Joseph Nguthiru (Kenya) | UNEP Champions of the Earth Award 2025 | Founder, HyaPak |
| Noemi Florea (USA) | UNEP Champions of the Earth Award 2025 | Environmental innovation |
Important Sports
2025 Women’s T20 World Cup – Cricket for the Blind
| Aspect | Details |
|---|---|
| Event | Inaugural Women’s Blind T20 World Cup |
| Co-Host Countries | India and Sri Lanka |
| League Match Venues | New Delhi, Bengaluru |
| Semi-Final & Final Venue | Colombo, Sri Lanka |
| Champion | India |
| Runner-Up | Nepal |
| Final Result | India defeated Nepal by 7 wickets |
| Player of the Match (Final) | Phula Saren (India) |
| Captain (India) | Deepika T.C. |
| Category | Details |
|---|---|
| International Governing Body | World Blind Cricket Council (WBCC) |
| Player Classification | B1 – Completely Blind |
| B2 – Partially Blind | |
| B3 – Partially Sighted | |
| Ball Used | Hard plastic ball with ball bearings (for sound-based tracking) |
Women's Creating History
| Aspect | Details |
|---|---|
| Event | ICC Women’s ODI World Cup |
| Champion (2025) | India |
| Final Match | India defeated South Africa |
| Achievement | India won their first-ever ICC Women’s ODI World Cup title |
| Player of the Match (Final) | Shafali Verma |
| Player of the Tournament | Deepti Sharma |
| Category | Details |
|---|---|
| Initially Organised By | International Women’s Cricket Council (till 2005) |
| Current Governing Body | International Cricket Council (ICC) |
| Format | Round-robin + Knockout stages |
| Participants | Top women’s cricketing nations |
| Team | Titles Won |
|---|---|
| Australia | 7 |
| England | 4 |
| New Zealand | 1 |
| India | 1 (2025) |
| Year | Hosting Details |
|---|---|
| 1978 | Hosted by India |
| 1997 | Hosted by India |
| 2013 | Hosted by India |
| 2025 | Hosted by India along with Sri Lanka |
India to host CWG 2030
| Year | Host City | Country | Key Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2010 | New Delhi | India | Last time India hosted the CWG |
| 2026 | Glasgow | Scotland | Upcoming Commonwealth Games |
| 2030 | Ahmedabad (Proposed) | India | Centenary edition of the CWG |
World Para Athletics C‘ship
| Aspect | Details |
|---|---|
| Event | World Championships |
| Host City | New Delhi |
| Country | India |
| Dates | 27 September – 5 October 2025 |
| India’s Flag Bearers | Preethi Pal, Dharambir Nain |
| Year | Host City | Country |
|---|---|---|
| 2015 | Doha | Qatar |
| 2019 | Dubai | United Arab Emirates |
| 2024 | Kobe | Japan |
| 2025 | New Delhi | India |
ASIA CUP 2025
| Category | Player |
|---|---|
| Venue | Dubai |
| Most Valuable Player (MVP) | Kuldeep Yadav |
| Most Runs | Abhishek Sharma |
| Most Wickets | Kuldeep Yadav |
| Most Sixes | Abhishek Sharma |
| Player of the Match (Final) | Tilak Varma |
| Game Changer of the Match (Final) | Shivam Dube |
| Player of the Tournament | Abhishek Sharma |
US OPENS-2025
| Position | Player | Nationality |
|---|---|---|
| Winner | Carlos Alcaraz | Spain |
| Runner-Up | Jannik Sinner | Italy |
| Position | Player | Nationality |
|---|---|---|
| Winner | Aryna Sabalenka | Belarus |
| Runner-Up | Amanda Anisimova | USA |
Australian Open 2025
| Category | Winner (Nationality) |
|---|---|
| Men’s Singles | Jannik Sinner (Italy) |
| Women’s Singles | Madison Keys (USA) |
French Open 2025
| Category | Winner (Nationality) |
|---|---|
| Men’s Singles | Carlos Alcaraz (Spain) |
| Women’s Singles | Coco Gauff (USA) |
Wimbledon 2025
| Category | Winner (Nationality) |
|---|---|
| Men’s Singles | Jannik Sinner (Italy) |
| Women’s Singles | Iga Świątek (Poland) |
FIFA 2026
| Mascot Name | Represents | Host Country | Symbolism |
|---|---|---|---|
| Clutch | USA | United States | Energy, passion, modern football culture |
| Maple | Canada | Canada | National identity, unity, heritage |
| Zayu | Mexico | Mexico | Culture, tradition, football spirit |
WORLD UNIVERSITY GAMES 2025
| Aspect | Details |
|---|---|
| Host Country | Germany |
| India’s Overall Rank | 20th |
| India’s Total Medals | 12 Medals |
| Gold | 2 |
| Silver | 5 |
| Bronze | 5 |
| Rank | Country | Gold Medals |
|---|---|---|
| 1st | Japan | 34 |
| 2nd | People’s Republic of China | 30 |
| 3rd | United States of America | 28 |
| Athlete / Event | Medal | Category |
|---|---|---|
| Ankita Dhyani | Silver | Women’s 3000 m Steeplechase |
| Indian Team | Bronze | Men’s 4×100 m Relay |
| Indian Team | Bronze | Women’s Race Walk Team Event |
| Vaishnavi Adkar | Bronze | Tennis Singles |
| Detail | Information |
|---|---|
| Athlete | Vaishnavi Adkar |
| Achievement | India’s first-ever tennis medal at World University Games since 1979 |
| Previous Medal (1979) | Nandan Bal – Silver |
| Edition | Mascot | Host |
|---|---|---|
| Winter Games | TO Tag | Torino |
| Summer Games | Wanda | Rhine-Ruhr |
| Year | Host Location | Country |
|---|---|---|
| 2027 | Chungcheong Province | South Korea |
THE HISTORY CREATOR
| Player | Achievement | Key Details |
|---|---|---|
| Divya Deshmukh | Winner – FIDE Women’s World Cup | Defeated Koneru Humpy in the final |
| Divya Deshmukh | Grandmaster Title | Became India’s 88th Grandmaster |
WORLD BOXING CUP 2025 ASTHANA
| Aspect | Details |
|---|---|
| Event | World Boxing Cup 2025 |
| Host City | Astana |
| Country | Kazakhstan |
| Boxer | Weight Category | Opponent | Opponent Country | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sakshi | 54 kg | Yosline Perez | USA | Won by Unanimous Decision |
| Jaismine | 57 kg | Jucielen Romeu | Brazil | Won 4:1 |
WIMBLEDON 2025
| Category | Winners |
|---|---|
| Men’s Singles | Jannik Sinner |
| Women’s Singles | Iga Świątek |
| Men’s Doubles | Julian Cash / Lloyd Glasspool |
| Women’s Doubles | Veronika Kudermetova / Elise Mertens |
| Mixed Doubles | Sem Verbeek / Kateřina Siniaková |
Australian Open 2025
| Category | Winner |
|---|---|
| Men’s Singles | Jannik Sinner |
| Women’s Singles | Madison Keys |
French Open 2025
| Category | Winner |
|---|---|
| Men’s Singles | Carlos Alcaraz |
| Women’s Singles | Coco Gauff |
COMMONWEALTH WEIGHTLIFTING C’SHIP
Men’s Category
| Athlete | Weight Category | Medal |
|---|---|---|
| Mirabai Chanu | 48 kg | 🥇 Gold |
| Soumya Sunil Dalvi | 48 kg | 🥈 Silver |
| Sneha Soren | 53 kg | 🥈 Silver |
| Bindyarani Devi | 58 kg | 🥈 Silver |
| Nirupama Devi | 63 kg | 🥈 Silver |
| Mehak Sharma | 86+ kg | 🥈 Silver |
| Harjinder Kaur | 69 kg | 🥉 Bronze |
| Vanshita Verma | 86 kg | 🥉 Bronze |
| Athlete | Weight Category | Medal |
|---|---|---|
| Ajith Narayana | 71 kg | 🥇 Gold |
| Ajaya Babu Valluri | 79 kg | 🥇 Gold |
| Muthupandi Raja | 65 kg | 🥈 Silver |
| Dilbag Singh | 94 kg | 🥈 Silver |
| Lovepreet Singh | 110+ kg | 🥉 Bronze |
Women’s Category
| Achievement | Details |
|---|---|
| Commonwealth Kho Kho Championship | India to host March 2026 |
| Khelo India University Games (KIUG) | Inaugurated at Sawai Mansingh Stadium, Jaipur |
| Archery League | Launched, to be held Oct 2025, Yamuna Sports Complex, Delhi |
| Neeraj Chopra | Awarded honorary Lieutenant Colonel rank |
| David Beckham | Received knighthood from King Charles III |
| Ahmedabad | Officially recommended for 2030 Commonwealth Games |
| Qatar & India | Competing to host 2036 Olympics |
| Deepti Sharma | Costliest buy at WPL 2026 auction – ₹3.20 crore |
| Event | Achievement |
|---|---|
| FIFA World Cup 2026 | Curaçao, Cape Verde, Haiti & Panama qualified for first time |
| FIH Hockey World Cup 2026 | Co-hosted by Belgium & Netherlands |
| Men’s Junior Hockey WC 2025 | Germany defeated Spain |
| India Women’s Hockey | Won Women’s Kabaddi World Cup 2025 – Dhaka final (35–28) |
| Event | Achievement |
|---|---|
| WSF Squash World Cup 2025 | India won first-ever title, defeated Hong Kong 3–0 at Chennai |
| World Boxing Cup Finals | India won 9 gold medals, Greater Noida |
| FEI Asian Equestrian Championships | Pattaya, 5 medals including historic Eventing gold by Ashish Limaye |
| World Games, Wushu 52kg | Namrata Batra reached final |
| Rugby 7s Junior Nationals | Bihar U18 Boys’ team won, Dehradun |
| Minerva Academy FC | Won U14 Norway Cup 2025 |
| Event | Winner / Achievement |
|---|---|
| Australian Open 2025 | Men: Jannik Sinner, Women: Madison Keys |
| French Open 2025 | Men: Carlos Alcaraz, Women: Coco Gauff |
| Wimbledon 2025 | Men: Jannik Sinner, Women: Iga Świątek, Doubles: Julian Cash/Lloyd Glasspool, Veronika Kudermetova/Elise Mertens, Mixed Doubles: Sem Verbeek/Kateřina Siniaková |
| US Open 2025 | Men: Carlos Alcaraz, Runner-up: Jannik Sinner; Women: Aryna Sabalenka, Runner-up: Amanda Anisimova |
| Davis Cup | Italy won fourth title |
| Roger Federer | To be inducted into 2026 Tennis Hall of Fame |
| BWF World Junior Championships | Returned to India after 17 years, hosted in Guwahati |
| Badminton World Championships 2026 | India to host in New Delhi |
| Event | Achievement |
|---|---|
| Syed Mushtaq Ali Trophy | Jharkhand won first title |
| Women’s T20I milestone | Smriti Mandhana completes 4,000 runs |
| Kabaddi World Cup 2025 | India won second consecutive title, 35–28 vs Chinese Taipei |
| South Africa vs India | SA beat India by 408 runs, Guwahati |
| ICC Men’s T20 WC 2026 | Italy & Netherlands qualified |
| Jasprit Bumrah | First Indian fast bowler to play 50 Tests across all formats |
| Event | Athlete | Medal / Achievement |
|---|---|---|
| Senior Championship, Ahmedabad | Ajith Narayana, Ajaya Babu Valluri | 🥇 Gold (71kg, 79kg) |
| Senior Championship, Ahmedabad | Muthupandi Raja, Dilbag Singh | 🥈 Silver (65kg, 94kg) |
| Senior Championship, Ahmedabad | Lovepreet Singh | 🥉 Bronze (110+kg) |
| Senior Championship, Ahmedabad (Women) | Mirabai Chanu | 🥇 Gold (48kg) |
| Senior Championship, Ahmedabad (Women) | Soumya Dalvi, Sneha Soren, Bindyarani Devi, Nirupama Devi, Mehak Sharma | 🥈 Silver |
| Senior Championship, Ahmedabad (Women) | Harjinder Kaur, Vanshita Verma | 🥉 Bronze |
| World Championships, Norway | Mirabai Chanu | 🥈 Silver (48kg) |
| World Para Athletics, New Delhi | Nishad Kumar & Simran Sharma | Gold |
| Khelo India Tribal Games | Unveiled | Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh |
| 11th Asian Aquatics Championships | India | Host, China topped |
| SAFF U-17 Championship | India | Defeated Bangladesh 4–1 in Penalty Shootout |
| World Para Archery, Gwangju | Sheetal Devi | First Para Archery gold |
| Achievement | Athlete / Team | Key Details |
|---|---|---|
| Global Chess League 2025 | Alpine SG Pipers | Led by R Praggnanandhaa & Anish Giri, won maiden title |
| FIDE Women’s World Cup | Divya Deshmukh | Defeated Koneru Humpy, became India’s 88th Grandmaster |
| Youngest rated chess player | Sarwagya Singh Kushwaha | FIDE rating 1572 |
| India’s 90th Grandmaster | Ilamparthi AR | Secured GM norm at Bijeljina Open, Bosnia |
| FIDE Chess World Cup 2025 Trophy | Renamed | Viswanathan Anand Cup |
| European Chess Club Cup 2025 | D Gukesh & Divya Deshmukh | Both won individual golds |
Important Exercise
| Exercise Name | Type | Participating Nations | Location / Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Desert Cyclone | Joint Military Exercise | India–U.A.E. | Abu Dhabi |
| Harimau Shakti 2025 | Bilateral Field Firing | India–Malaysia | Mahajan Firing Range, Rajasthan |
| Garuda Shakti | Joint Special Forces | India–Indonesia | Special Forces Training School, Bakloh |
| Suryakiran-XIX | Joint Army Exercise | India–Nepal | Pithoragarh |
| Exercise Ekuverin 2025 | Bilateral Army Exercise | India–Maldives | Kerala, GARHWAL RIFLE Battalion |
| AJEYA WARRIOR-25 | Bilateral Military Exercise | India–UK | Rajasthan |
| Garuda 25 | Air Force Exercise | India–France | France |
| Mitra Shakti XI | Bilateral Military Exercise | India–Sri Lanka | Belagavi, 10–23 Nov 2025 |
| VINBAX | Bilateral Army Exercise | India–Vietnam | Hanoi |
| Drone Kavach | Army Drill (Drone Warfare) | India | Eastern Arunachal Pradesh |
| Trishul | Tri-Service Exercise | India | Along Pakistan border |
| NATPOLREX-X | Pollution Response Exercise | Indian Coast Guard | Off Chennai |
| Carrier Strike Group Exercise | Naval Exercise | India–UK | INS Vikrant & HMS Prince of Wales |
| AUSTRAHIND 2025 | Bilateral Defence Exercise | India–Australia | Perth |
| Samudra Shakti | Naval Exercise | India–Indonesia | Visakhapatnam |
| Maiden India-Greece Maritime Exercise | Naval Bilateral | India–Greece | Mediterranean Sea |
| Siyom Prahar 2025 | Army Exercise | India | Arunachal Pradesh |
| Maitree-XIV / Maitree 2025 | Bilateral Army Exercise | India–Thailand | Umroi, Meghalaya |
| ZAPAD 2025 | Multilateral Army Exercise | India–Russia | Russia |
| Yudh Kaushal 3.0 | Army Exercise | India | Arunachal Pradesh |
| Yudh Abhyas 2025 | Joint Army Exercise | India–USA | Alaska, Madras Regiment |
| Maru Jwala | Army Desert Exercise | India | Jaisalmer, Rajasthan |
| Bright Star 2025 | Multinational Exercise | India–Egypt & Allies | Egypt, 700+ personnel |
| Bold Kurukshetra 2025 | Bilateral Army Exercise | India–Singapore | Rajasthan desert |
| SIMBEX 2025 | Naval Bilateral Exercise | India–Singapore | Singapore; Ships: INS Delhi, INS Satpura, INS Kiltan, INS Shakti |
| Talisman Sabre 2025 | Multinational Defence Exercise | India–Australia | Australia’s largest exercise; India’s first participation |
| Divya Drishti 2025 | Army High-Altitude Exercise | India | East Sikkim |
| Drone Prahar 2025 | Army Drone Exercise | India | Arunachal Pradesh |
Important INS
| Ship Name | Type | Key Details |
|---|---|---|
| INS Androth | Anti-Submarine Warfare Shallow Water Craft (ASW-SWC) | Built by GRSE Kolkata, named after Androth Island, Lakshadweep |
| INS Arnala | ASW-SWC | Lead ship of Arnala class |
| INS Anjadip | ASW-SWC | Arnala-class corvette |
| INS Amini | ASW-SWC | Arnala-class corvette |
| INS Agray | ASW-SWC | Arnala-class corvette |
| INS Akshay | ASW-SWC | Arnala-class corvette |
| INS Azhikkal | ASW-SWC | Arnala-class corvette |
| INS Ajay | ASW-SWC | Arnala-class corvette |
| Ship Name | Commissioned / Notes | Builder | Special Details |
|---|---|---|---|
| INS Himgiri | Commissioned recently | GRSE Kolkata | First P-17A stealth frigate; legacy namesake served in Operation Pawan, Cactus, Sahayata |
| INS Udaygiri | Commissioned recently | MDL Mumbai | Second P-17A stealth frigate; 100th ship designed by Navy’s Warship Design Bureau; legacy namesake served in Operation Pawan, Cactus, Sahayata |
| INS Nilgiri | Active | MDL / GRSE | Part of P-17A series |
| INS Taragiri | Active | MDL / GRSE | P-17A frigate |
| INS Mahendragiri | Active | MDL / GRSE | P-17A frigate |
| INS Dunagiri | Active | MDL / GRSE | P-17A frigate |
| INS Vindhyagiri | Active | MDL / GRSE | P-17A frigate |
| Ship Name | Sequence | Builder | Designer | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| INS Sandhayak | 1st | GRSE Kolkata | Warship Design Bureau | First ship of Survey Vessel (Large) series |
| INS Nirdeshak | 2nd | GRSE Kolkata | Warship Design Bureau | Second ship of the series |
| INS Ikshak (Yard 3027) | 3rd | GRSE Kolkata | Warship Design Bureau | Third ship received by Indian Navy |
| 4th Ship | TBD | GRSE Kolkata | Warship Design Bureau | Fourth ship in the series |
IMPORTANT INS
| Ship / Vessel | Type / Class | Key Event / Deployment | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| INS Sindhughosh | Sindhughosh-class Submarine | Decommissioned | After 40 years of service |
| INSV Kaundinya | Sailing Vessel | Maiden voyage | Porbandar → Muscat, 29 Dec 2025 |
| ICGS Amulya | Adamya-class FPV | Commissioned | 3rd in series of 8 FPVs, Goa |
| ICGS Sarthak | Offshore Patrol Vessel (OPV) | Port visit | Chabahar, Iran; 4th of 5 OPVs built by Goa Shipyard |
| INS Gharial + 3 vessels | Various | Operation Sagar Bandhu | Humanitarian aid to Sri Lanka cyclone-affected areas |
| ICGS Vigraha | Coast Guard Ship | Operational visit | Indonesia |
| INS Mahe | Mahe-class ASW SWC | Commissioned | 24 Nov 2025, Mumbai; first Mahe-class ASW Shallow Water Craft |
| INS Ikshak | Survey Vessel (Large) | Commissioned | 6 Nov 2025; indigenous hydrographic capability, Aatmanirbhar Bharat |
| INS Sahyadri | Shivalik-class Frigate | Exercise & Deployment | Malabar 2025 at Guam; JAIMEX 25 at Yokosuka, Japan; Quad interoperability |
| INS Savitri | Offshore Patrol Vessel (OPV) | Port Visits | Port Beira, Mozambique & Port Victoria, Seychelles |
| INS Taragiri | Project 17A Frigate | Delivered | MDL Mumbai |
| INS Gomati | Godavari-class Frigate | Decommissioned | To be displayed at Uttar Pradesh Naval Shaurya Museum, Lucknow |
| Sindhu Vessel | Passenger / Survey | Voyage | Completed first passenger voyage to Barren Island |
| INS Nistar | Survey / Training | Exercise | Arrived in Singapore for Exercise Pacific Reach 2025 |
| ICGS Akshar | Adamya-class FPV | Commissioned | 2nd in series, Karaikal, Puducherry |
| INS Aravali | Training / Frigate | Commissioned | Gurugram |
| INS Tamal | Naval Ship | Port call | Casablanca, Morocco (3-day) |
| INS Rana & INS Jyoti | Naval Ships | Exercise | Participated in SLINEX-25, Colombo (14–18 Aug 2025) |
Important Achievements
| Category | Key Update | Important Details |
|---|---|---|
| Defence Exports | BrahMos Missile | India close to finalising BrahMos export deals with Vietnam & Indonesia |
| Air Defence | IADWS | Indigenous Integrated Air Defence Weapon System to protect Delhi from missiles, drones & aircraft |
| Unmanned Systems | Vrishabh Combat ATV | Developed by Bhairav Robotics; unmanned ground platform for combat, ISR, casualty evacuation & logistics |
| Coast Guard | Samudra Pratap | First indigenously built Pollution Control Vessel inducted by ICG at Goa Shipyard Ltd |
| Aviation MRO | C-130J Facility | New Maintenance, Repair & Overhaul (MRO) facility for C-130J Super Hercules in Bengaluru |
| Foreign Military Presence | Tajikistan Exit | India officially ends presence at Ayni Air Base, Tajikistan |
| Naval Infrastructure | Bitra Island Detachment | Indian Navy setting up a detachment at Bitra Island, Lakshadweep (Arabian Sea) |
| Naval Shipbuilding | INS Taragiri | 4th Nilgiri-class (Project 17A) stealth frigate delivered to Navy (29 Nov 2025) |
| Space & Defence | Vikram-I Rocket | PM Modi inaugurates Skyroot Aerospace’s Infinity Campus & unveils Vikram-I |
| Counter-Drone | SAKSHAM Grid | Indian Army launches SAKSHAM: AI-enabled anti-drone grid |
| Military Mobility | Pravaig VEER EV | India’s first indigenous electric military vehicle |
| IAF Operations | Nyoma Airbase | Air Chief Marshal AP Singh lands C-130J at Nyoma airbase (Ladakh) |
| Missile Test (Pakistan) | Fatah-IV | Pakistan tests long-range cruise missile Fatah-IV |
| Indigenous Production | Pinaka & Nagastra | IAF Chief visits Pinaka rocket & Nagastra (Solar drone) units |
| Air Power Ranking | Global Ranking | India becomes 3rd-strongest aerial power, surpassing China |
| Naval Innovation | Electric Warship | Rolls-Royce offers collaboration on India’s first electric warship |
| Air Defence (Russia) | S-400 Delivery | 5 systems by 2026; 4 delivered, 5th next year |
| Naval Commissioning | INS Androth | 2nd ASW Shallow Water Craft, commissioned 6 Oct 2025 |
| Defence Diplomacy | India–Morocco MoU | MoU signed; Defence Wing opened in Rabat |
| Defence Manufacturing | Morocco Plant | India opens first defence manufacturing unit in Morocco |
| Army Reforms | Bhairav Commando Unit | Special Strike Force introduced with Bhairav Light Commando Unit |
| Missile Defence | Akash Prime | Successfully tested at 15,000 ft in Ladakh |
| Fighter Aircraft | Tejas Mk-1A | Second GE F404 engine delivered to HAL |
| Attack Helicopters | Apache AH-64E | Indian Army to receive first batch from US |
| Air Defence Milestone | Akash Prime Kill | Two high-speed aerial targets destroyed at high altitude |
| Global Defence | Patriot Missiles | USA to send Patriot air defence systems to Ukraine |
| IAF Capability | KC-135 | IAF to lease KC-135 aerial refueller from USA by Oct 2025 |
| Small Arms | AK-203 “Sher” | Fully Made-in-India AK-203 rifle |
| HADR Diplomacy | BHISHM Cubes | India gifts 2 BHISHM medical cubes to Maldives |
| Naval Shipbuilding | Yard 3034 Ajay | 8th & final ASW-SWC launched by Indian Navy |
| Veterans Welfare | SPARSH | System for Pension Administration Raksha for defence pensions |
| Small Arms Production | IRRPL | 6.01 lakh AK-203 rifles delivered early |
| Strategic Metals | Titanium Plant | Rajnath Singh inaugurates Titanium & Superalloy Plant, Lucknow |
| Air-to-Air Missile | Meteor | India plans large acquisition of Meteor AAMs |
Important Missiles
| Feature | Details |
|---|---|
| Type | Surface-to-Surface Ballistic Missile (SSBM) |
| Programme | Integrated Guided Missile Development Programme (IGMDP) |
| Developer | DRDO |
| Missile Family | Agni Series |
| Range | ~ 5,000 km |
| Range Category | Intermediate-Range Ballistic Missile (IRBM) |
| Propulsion | Three-stage, solid fuel |
| Launch Platform | Road-mobile (canister-launched) |
| Strategic Role | Long-range nuclear deterrence |
| Other IGMDP Missiles | Prithvi, Trishul, Nag, Akash |
| Missile | Role |
|---|---|
| Prithvi | Short-range ballistic missile |
| Agni | Medium to long-range ballistic missile |
| Trishul | Short-range surface-to-air missile |
| Nag | Anti-tank guided missile |
| Akash | Medium-range surface-to-air missile |
| Category | Range |
|---|---|
| Short-Range Missiles (SRM) | < 1,000 km |
| Medium-Range Ballistic Missiles (MRBM) | 1,000 – 3,000 km |
| Intermediate-Range Ballistic Missiles (IRBM) | 3,000 – 5,500 km |
| Intercontinental Ballistic Missiles (ICBM) | > 5,500 km |
| Country / Organisation | Missile / System | Type | Key Details |
|---|---|---|---|
| USA | Golden Dome Missile Defence Shield | Missile Defence System | Announced by US President; worth USD 175 billion; aimed at nationwide protection from missiles |
| Iran | Khorramshahr-5 | Intercontinental Ballistic Missile (ICBM) | Iran may be preparing/testing its first ICBM |
| Iran | Sustainable Power 1404 | Missile Drill | Conducted in Gulf of Oman; involved cruise missiles |
| Sweden (Saab) | Nimbrix | Missile (new system) | Newly announced missile under development by Saab |
| Philippines | Pralay (India) | Tactical Surface-to-Surface Missile (SSM) | Philippine Armed Forces interested in procuring India’s Pralay system |
| India (DRDO) | Pralay | Quasi-ballistic Missile | Solid propellant; range 150–500 km; tested from Dr APJ Abdul Kalam Island, Odisha |
| India (IAF) | AIR LORA | Air-Launched Ballistic Missile | Developed by Israel Aerospace Industries (IAI); enhances long-range precision strike |
| Turkey | Tayfun Block-4 | Hypersonic Ballistic Missile | Turkey’s first hypersonic ballistic missile, unveiled in Istanbul |
| India–USA | Javelin ATGM | Anti-Tank Guided Missile | India seeks co-production; developed by Raytheon & Lockheed Martin |
Important Appointments
| Person | Position / Appointment | Country / Organisation | Key Highlight |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sangeeta Barooah Pisharoty | President, Press Club of India | India | First woman President of PCI |
| Field Marshal Asim Munir | Chief of Defence Forces | Pakistan | Pakistan appoints first-ever Chief of Defence Forces |
| José Antonio Kast | President | Chile | Elected as next President of Chile |
| Justice Surya Kant | Chief Justice of India (53rd) | India | Took oath as 53rd CJI |
| Sanae Takaichi | Prime Minister | Japan | Japan’s first female Prime Minister |
| Anutin Charnvirakul | Prime Minister | Thailand | Becomes PM of Thailand |
| Khaled El-Enany | Director-General (Executive Board nod) | UNESCO / Egypt | Poised to become first Arab Director-General of UNESCO |
| R. Venkataramani | Attorney General of India | India | Reappointed as Attorney General |
| Urjit Patel | Executive Director | International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Former RBI Governor appointed at IMF |
| Irfaan Ali | President (Second Term) | Guyana | Secures second presidential term |
| Acharya Devvrat | Governor of Maharashtra | India | Former Gujarat Governor; succeeds C. P. Radhakrishnan |
| C. P. Radhakrishnan | Vice-President | India | Vacates Maharashtra Governor post |
Important Obituaries
| Name | Field / Identity | Age | Place / Date | Key Contribution / Recognition |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Vinod Kumar Shukla | Hindi Literature | 88 | Raipur | Jnanpith Award winner, renowned Hindi writer |
| Dharmendra | Indian Cinema | 89 | Mumbai (Nov 24, 2025) | Legendary Bollywood actor, known as “He-Man of Indian Cinema” |
| Ram Sutar | Sculpture / Art | 100 | — | Designer of Statue of Unity; sculptor of Mahatma Gandhi & Chhatrapati Shivaji |
| Satya Pal Malik | Politics / Administration | 79 | New Delhi (Aug 5, 2025) | Former Governor of Jammu & Kashmir |
| Frank Caprio | Judiciary / Media | 88 | — | Known as “Nicest Judge in the World”, star of Caught in Providence |
| La Ganesan | Politics | 80 | Chennai (Aug 15, 2025) | Governor of Nagaland |
| Pankaj Dheer | Television / Film | 68 | — | Famous for playing Karna in Mahabharat |
| Asrani | Indian Cinema | 84 | — | Veteran actor; iconic role in Sholay; acted in 350+ films |
Important Days & Themes
| Date | Day | Theme / Significance |
|---|---|---|
| 01 July | National Doctors’ Day (India) | Behind the Mask: Who Heals the Healers? |
| 01 July | Chartered Accountants Day | Empowering Trust, Enabling Growth |
| 01 July | GST Day | Commemorates GST implementation in India |
| 11 July | World Population Day | Empowering Young People to Create the Families They Want in a Fair & Hopeful World |
| 26 July | Kargil Vijay Diwas | Victory in 1999 Kargil War (26th anniversary in 2025) |
| 29 July | World Tiger Day | Securing the Future of Tigers with Indigenous Peoples and Local Communities at the Heart |
| Date | Day | Theme / Significance |
|---|---|---|
| 12 August | International Youth Day | Local Youth Actions for the SDGs and Beyond |
| 15 August | Independence Day (India) | Theme 2025: “Naya Bharat” |
| 23 August | National Space Day (India) | Chandrayaan-3 success & India’s space journey |
| 29 August | National Sports Day (India) | Sport to Promote Peaceful and Inclusive Societies |
| Date | Day | Theme / Significance |
|---|---|---|
| 08 September | International Literacy Day | Promoting Literacy in the Digital Era |
| 14 September | Hindi Diwas | 76th anniversary of Hindi as official language |
| 16 September | World Ozone Day | From Science to Global Action |
| 23 September | Ayurveda Day (India) | Ayurveda for People & Planet |
| 27 September | World Tourism Day | Tourism and Sustainable Transformation |
| Date | Day | Theme / Significance |
|---|---|---|
| 06 October | World Habitat Day | Urban Crisis Response |
| 07 October | World Cotton Day | The Fabric of Our Lives |
| 08 October | Indian Air Force Day | Motto: Nabhah Sparsam Diptam |
| 16 October | World Food Day | Sustainable Food Systems for a Healthy Planet |
| 24 October | United Nations Day | Building Our Future Together |
| Date | Day | Theme / Significance |
|---|---|---|
| 11 November | National Education Day (India) | AI and Education: Preserving Human Agency in a World of Automation |
| 14 November | World Diabetes Day | Diabetes Across Life Stages |
| 19 November | World Toilet Day | Sanitation in a Changing World |
| 23 November | NCC Raising Day | Motto: Unity and Discipline |
| 26 November | Constitution Day (India) | Observed on adoption of Indian Constitution |
| 26 November | National Milk Day | Honouring the White Revolution |
| Date | Day | Theme / Significance |
|---|---|---|
| 01 December | World AIDS Day | Overcoming Disruption, Transforming the AIDS Response |
| 01 December | BSF Raising Day | Formation of Border Security Force |
| 04 December | Indian Navy Day | Theme: Combat Ready, Cohesive, Credible & Aatmanirbhar Force |
| 05 December | World Soil Day | Healthy Soils for Healthy Cities |
| 07 December | Armed Forces Flag Day | Welfare & Gratitude |
| 16 December | Vijay Diwas | Liberation of Bangladesh (1971 War) |
| 18 December | International Migrants Day | Migration awareness |
| 22 December | National Mathematics Day (India) | Mathematics, Arts & Creativity |
| 23 December | Kisan Diwas | Empowering Annadatas for a Prosperous Nation |
| 25 December | Good Governance Day | Prashasan Gaon Ki Ore |
| 26 December | Veer Bal Diwas | Martyrdom of Sahibzadas |
Important 1st in news
| Country / State | Initiative / Achievement | Key Details / Significance |
|---|---|---|
| Uruguay | Legalisation of Euthanasia | First Latin American country to legalise euthanasia through legislation |
| India (Uttarakhand) | Bajrang Setu | India’s first glass suspension bridge; to transform Rishikesh by 2025 |
| Uttar Pradesh | Forest University | India’s first Forest University to be established in Gorakhpur |
| Rajasthan | Namo Biodiversity Park | State’s first biodiversity park; inaugurated in Alwar |
| Italy | UNESCO Cuisine Recognition | First country to get UNESCO recognition for its national cuisine |
| China | Artificial Floating Island | World’s first floating island designed to withstand nuclear blasts; operational by 2028 |
| Maharashtra | Starlink Partnership | First Indian state to collaborate with Elon Musk’s Starlink |
| Punjab | BharatNet Implementation | First state to fully implement amended BharatNet Scheme |
| India (Bihar) | National Dolphin Research Centre | First NDRC located in Patna for Gangetic dolphin conservation |
| India | Cheetah Reintroduction | Mukhi becomes first India-born cheetah to reach adulthood (Kuno NP) |
| India (Andhra Pradesh) | AI-Powered ICCC | India’s first AI-based Integrated Command & Control Centre at Tirumala |
| India (Goa) | Integrative Oncology Centre | First centre integrating Ayurveda, Yoga & modern cancer care |
| India | Polymetallic Sulphides Contracts | First nation with two ISA PMS exploration contracts |
| Namibia | UPI Adoption | First country globally to sign licensing agreement for UPI |
| Albania | AI Cabinet Minister (Diella) | World’s first AI minister for public procurement & anti-corruption |
| India (Navy) | Lanza-N Radar | First Tata-made Lanza-N 3D air surveillance radar installed |
| Delhi | Solar-Powered Legislature | First legislative assembly fully run on solar power |
| India (Mizoram) | Bairabi–Sairang Railway | First rail connectivity to Aizawl; ₹8,000 crore project |
| India–UAE | Atal Innovation Centre | India’s first overseas AIC at IIT Delhi–Abu Dhabi |
| India (Assam) | Vulture Knowledge Portal | First portal for vulture research & conservation |
| India (Tamil Nadu) | Maritime Simulation Centre | India’s first Maritime Simulation Centre at AMET, Chennai |
| India (Assam) | Bamboo-Based Biorefinery | Country’s first bamboo biorefinery completed by EIL |
| Maharashtra | Disha Abhiyan | First state to implement uniform education for intellectually disabled students |
| India (Rajasthan) | Drone-AI Cloud Seeding | First AI-powered cloud seeding experiment at Ramgarh Dam |
| Kerala | Digital Literacy | India’s first fully digitally literate state |
| India | OpenAI India Office | OpenAI to open its first India office in New Delhi |
| Puducherry | TB Screening Integration | First UT to integrate TB screening with Family Adoption Programme |
| Tamil Nadu | Hornbill Conservation Centre | India’s first Centre of Excellence for Hornbill Conservation (ATR) |
Important women in News
| Name | Achievement | Key Details / Significance |
|---|---|---|
| Sai Jadhav | First woman officer to pass out from IMA, Dehradun | Broke a 93-year-old record; commissioned into the Territorial Army |
| Anu Garg (IAS) | First woman Chief Secretary of Odisha | Senior IAS officer; to assume charge from 1 January 2026 |
| Harmanpreet Kaur | First female Brand Ambassador of PNB | Appointment by Punjab National Bank to strengthen innovation-driven outreach |
| Marium Fatima | Bihar’s first Woman FIDE Master | From Muzaffarpur; historic milestone in chess for Bihar |
| Sushila Karki | First woman to lead Nepal’s government | Became Interim Prime Minister of Nepal in 2025 |
| Prof. Uma Kanjilal | First woman Vice-Chancellor of IGNOU | Recognition of her academic leadership and administrative excellence |
| Sonali Mishra (IPS) | First woman Director General of RPF | First female DG of the Railway Protection Force |
| Deepika Padukone | First Indian actress on Hollywood Walk of Fame | Received the prestigious Hollywood Walk of Fame star |
| Aastha Poonia | First woman fighter pilot (Indian Navy) | Trained as a fighter pilot; ceremony held at INS Dega, Visakhapatnam |
Important World Affairs
43rd UNESCO GENERAL CONFERENCE – 2025
| Aspect | Details |
|---|---|
| Session | 43rd UNESCO General Conference |
| Venue | Samarkand, Uzbekistan |
| Significance of Venue | First time in over 40 years held outside Paris |
| Objective | Decide UNESCO’s policies, programmes, and budget for the upcoming biennium; strengthen multilateral cooperation in education, culture, science, and communication |
| Major Outcomes | Appointment of Khaled El-Enany as Director-General (first Arab, second African); Kiswahili recognised as official conference language; adoption of World Greek Language Day (9 Feb) |
| Theme Focus | Dialogue, cultural diversity, inclusiveness, gender equality, shared global responsibility |
| Previous Session | 42nd Session – Paris (2023) |
| Next Session | 2027 (likely Paris) |
INDIA – NEW ZEALAND FREE TRADE AGREEMENT (FTA)
| Aspect | Details |
|---|---|
| Finalised | December 2025 |
| Background | Fast-tracked negotiations; part of India’s trade diversification strategy |
| Objectives | Boost bilateral trade & investment; expand market access |
| Key Cooperation Areas | Manufacturing, services, technology, skills, mobility, education |
| Strategic Importance | Economic expansion while safeguarding sensitive domestic sectors |
DEFENCE & STRATEGIC DEVELOPMENTS
| Event | Key Details |
|---|---|
| Tata WhAP 8×8 | First lot handed to Royal Moroccan Army |
| Pakistan MILGEM | Second Turkish-built corvette PNS Khaibar commissioned |
| Pakistan Drone | “YIHA” drone visuals captured during Operation Sindoor |
| Russia – Moon NPP | Plans to build nuclear power plant on Moon by 2036 |
| Israel Satellite | Ofek-19 spy satellite launched from Palmachim Airbase |
| US Hypersonic Weapon | Dark Eagle LRHW deployed during Talisman Sabre (Australia) |
| Turkey Bomb | Gazap unveiled – most powerful non-nuclear bomb |
ENERGY, NUCLEAR & CLIMATE
| Development | Details |
|---|---|
| Japan Nuclear Plant | Kashiwazaki-Kariwa restart after Fukushima (2011) |
| Mauna Loa Station | CO₂ monitoring station faces shutdown after 65 years |
| Russia Volcano | Krasheninnikov Volcano erupted after 600 years |
| Philippines Volcano | Taal Volcano erupted; located in Batangas |
| Cyclone Shakti | Intensified over Arabian Sea; name proposed by Sri Lanka |
INTERNATIONAL POLITICS & DIPLOMACY
| Event | Details |
|---|---|
| India–UK Relations | Focus on CETA, tech, defence, climate, education |
| India–Afghanistan | India upgrades Kabul mission to full embassy |
| Thailand–Cambodia | Ceasefire agreement signed in Kuala Lumpur |
| US–UNESCO | US withdraws from UNESCO again |
| Oman & UNESCO | Elected to MAB Council (2025–29) |
| Tuvalu | Joins IUCN as 90th State Member |
COUNTRY-SPECIFIC CURRENT AFFAIRS
| Country | Update |
|---|---|
| Maldives | First country to ban tobacco for post-2007 births; eliminated MTCT of HIV, Hep-B & syphilis |
| Lithuania | State of emergency due to smuggling balloons from Belarus |
| Mexico | Approved tariffs up to 50% on Asian imports |
| Cape Verde | Second smallest nation to qualify for FIFA World Cup |
| Peru | 30-day emergency in Lima & Callao due to crime |
| Palau | World’s first live underwater interview using Li-Fi |
| Nepal | Declared rubella-free by WHO; joined IBCA |
INDIA – ECONOMY, INFRASTRUCTURE & TRADE
| Development | Details |
|---|---|
| Duqm Port | Expands India’s maritime options beyond Chabahar |
| India–EFTA FTA | Effective 1 October (Iceland, Norway, Switzerland, Liechtenstein) |
| India Post | Resumed US services via duty-paid system |
| HAL–Russia MoU | SJ-100 aircraft manufacturing in India (UDAN support) |
| Disaster Relief | India sent 20 tonnes relief each to Jamaica & Cuba |
GEOGRAPHY & MISCELLANEOUS
| Topic | Key Fact |
|---|---|
| Bondi Beach | Located near Sydney, Australia |
| Mexico Location | Southern North America; borders USA, Guatemala, Belize |
| Dardanelles Strait | Connects Aegean Sea & Sea of Marmara |
| Nyangai Island | Off Sierra Leone; lost two-thirds landmass |
| Sulawesi Earthquake | Magnitude 5.7, Indonesia |
Important Bharat Bulletins
THE ARAVALLI RANGE & ARAVALLI CONFLICT
| Aspect | Details |
|---|---|
| Age | One of the oldest mountain ranges in the world, older than the Himalayas |
| Length | ~ 800 km |
| States Covered | Gujarat → Rajasthan → Haryana → Delhi |
| Highest Peak | Guru Shikhar (Mount Abu, Rajasthan) |
| Ecological Role | Acts as a natural barrier against desertification |
| Key Threats | Mining, construction, deforestation, real estate projects (Haryana, Rajasthan, Delhi-NCR) |
| Judicial Interventions | Supreme Court & NGT banned mining; declared parts as “deemed forests” |
| Government Action | Restoration & afforestation proposals |
| Core Issue | Weak enforcement despite legal safeguards |
OPERATION HAWKEYE
| Aspect | Details |
|---|---|
| Conducted By | Indian security forces |
| Nature | Enhanced surveillance & intelligence operation |
| Symbolism | Hawk-like vigilance and swift response |
| Objectives | Continuous aerial & ground surveillance, early threat detection, rapid response |
| Trigger | ISIS attack near Palmyra killing US soldiers and civilian interpreter |
| Purpose | Degrade ISIS capabilities & protect regional security |
SIR FORM & SPECIAL INTENSIVE REVISION (SIR
| Aspect | Details |
|---|---|
| Conducting Authority | Election Commission of India (ECI) |
| Ground Implementation | Booth Level Officers (BLOs) |
| Used For | Addition, correction, deletion, address update, removal of duplicates |
| SIR Purpose | Clean, accurate & inclusive electoral rolls |
| Importance | Prevents bogus voting, ensures free & fair elections |
| First State (2025) | Bihar |
| Digitisation Milestone | Rajasthan – first fully digitised voter rolls under SIR |
SHYOK TUNNEL
| Aspect | Details |
|---|---|
| Location | Ladakh (UT) |
| River | Built under Shyok River |
| Connectivity | Leh – Nubra Valley |
| Constructed By | Border Roads Organisation (BRO) |
| Strategic Importance | India–China border region |
| Purpose | All-weather connectivity; bypasses avalanche & landslide-prone stretch |
OPERATION SAGAR BANDHU
| Aspect | Details |
|---|---|
| Conducted By | Indian Navy |
| Trigger | Cyclonic Storm Ditwah in Sri Lanka |
| Meaning | Sagar Bandhu = “Ocean Friend” |
| Assets Deployed | INS Vikrant, INS Udaygiri, IAF C-130J |
| Relief Material | Tents, food, blankets, hygiene kits, tarpaulins |
| Nature | Humanitarian Assistance & Disaster Relief (HADR) |
RELATED INDIAN HADR & EVACUATION OPERATIONS
| Operation | Year | Purpose |
|---|---|---|
| Jal Rahat 2 | 2025 | Flood relief (HP & NE India) |
| Brahma | 2025 | Earthquake relief (Myanmar) |
| Maitri | 2015 | Nepal earthquake relief |
| Kaveri | 2023 | Evacuation from Sudan |
| Raahat / Ganga / Samudra Setu / Dost | Various | Overseas evacuations |
PROJECT VIJAYAK (BRO)
| Aspect | Details |
|---|---|
| Organisation | Border Roads Organisation (BRO) |
| Raising Day | 15th (2025) |
| Location | Kargil, Ladakh |
| Named After | Operation Vijay (1999 Kargil War) |
| Strategic Axes | Zojila–Kargil–Leh & Nimmu–Padam–Darcha |
| Importance | Western Indus Corridor connectivity |
SWACHH SURVEKSHAN 2024–25
| Aspect | Details |
|---|---|
| Edition | 9th |
| Launched In | 2016 |
| Ministry | Ministry of Housing & Urban Affairs |
| Theme | Reduce, Reuse, Recycle |
| Nature | World’s largest urban cleanliness survey |
Awards Categories
| Category | Key Winners |
|---|---|
| Super Swachh League | Indore, Surat, Navi Mumbai |
| Top Swachh Shehar | Ahmedabad, Bhopal, Lucknow |
| Special Categories | Ganga towns, Cantonment boards, SafaiMitra, Mahakumbh |
| State Awards | 34 cities awarded |
CHANDRAYAAN-5 (LUPEX MISSION)
| Aspect | Details |
|---|---|
| Collaboration | ISRO (India) + JAXA (Japan) |
| Mission Goal | Study lunar surface & subsurface for water/ice |
| Lander | ISRO |
| Rover | JAXA |
| Instruments | 7 (ESA mass spectrometer, NASA neutron spectrometers) |
| Duration | 100 days (extendable to 1 year) |
| Special Feature | Exploration of Moon’s far side |
| Precursor | Chandrayaan-4 (sample return mission) |
| Historic Milestone | Chandrayaan-3 (2023) — first soft landing at lunar south pole |
Ayushman Bharat – PMJAY (7 Years)
| Aspect | Details |
|---|---|
| Scheme Name | Ayushman Bharat – Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana |
| Anniversary | 23 September 2025 (7 Years) |
| Launched | September 2018 |
| Launch Place | Ranchi, Jharkhand |
| Annual Health Cover | ₹5 lakh per family |
| Nature | World’s largest govt-funded health assurance scheme |
| Hospital Admissions | 10.3 crore+ |
| Treatment Value | ₹1.48 lakh crore |
| Families Covered | 12 crore |
| Special Beneficiaries | ASHA, Anganwadi workers, Senior citizens (70+), Gig & platform workers |
| Ayushman Arogya Mandirs | 1.8 lakh+ |
New Ramsar Sites in India
| Wetland Name | State |
|---|---|
| Gokul Reservoir | Bihar |
| Udaipur Lake | Bihar |
| Particular | Data |
|---|---|
| Total Ramsar Sites in India | 93 |
| Total Area Covered | 13,60,719 hectares |
| Important Other Sites | Khichan (Phalodi), Menar (Udaipur), Rajasthan |
Ramsar Convention (Wetlands)
| Aspect | Details |
|---|---|
| Also Known As | Convention on Wetlands |
| Adopted | 1971 |
| Type | Intergovernmental treaty under UNESCO |
| Objective | Conservation & wise use of wetlands |
| Selection Criteria | 1 out of 9 criteria (e.g., 20,000+ water birds) |
| India Ratified | 1982 |
UNESCO Tentative List – New Indian Sites (2025)
Newly Added 7 Sites
| No. | Site Name | Location |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Deccan Traps | Maharashtra |
| 2 | St. Mary’s Island Cluster | Karnataka |
| 3 | Meghalayan Age Caves | Meghalaya |
| 4 | Naga Hill Ophiolite | Nagaland |
| 5 | Erra Matti Dibbalu | Andhra Pradesh |
| 6 | Tirumala Hills | Andhra Pradesh |
| 7 | Varkala Cliff | Kerala |
| Category | Number |
|---|---|
| Total Sites | 69 |
| Cultural | 49 |
| Natural | 17 |
| Mixed | 3 |
Digital India Mission – 10 Years
| Aspect | Details |
|---|---|
| Launched | 2015 |
| Ministry | Ministry of Electronics & IT (MeitY) |
| Achievement | India ranks 3rd globally in digital economy |
130th Constitution (Amendment) Bill, 2025
| Aspect | Details |
|---|---|
| Bill Name | 130th Constitution (Amendment) Bill |
| Year | 2025 |
| Introduced By | Union Home Minister |
| Current Status | Referred to Joint Parliamentary Committee |
| Article | Applies To | Provision |
|---|---|---|
| Article 75 | Union Ministers | Removal if detained 30 days for offence ≥5 years |
| Article 164 | State Ministers | Similar provision, removal by Governor |
| Article 239AA | Delhi CM & Ministers | Removal by Lieutenant Governor |
| Reappointment | All | Allowed after release from custody |
State-Wise CA (INDIA)
UTTAR PRADESH (UP)
| Topic | Details |
|---|---|
| Rashtra Prerna Sthal | PM Narendra Modi to inaugurate in Lucknow on Atal Bihari Vajpayee’s 101st birth anniversary |
| Key Feature | 65-ft bronze statues |
| Leaders Honoured | Syama Prasad Mukherjee, Deendayal Upadhyaya, Atal Bihari Vajpayee |
| UNESCO Recognition | Lucknow declared City of Gastronomy (2025) |
| Reason | Awadhi cuisine & cultural legacy |
CHHATTISGARH
| Topic | Details |
|---|---|
| New Ramsar Site | Kopra Jalashay (near Bilaspur) |
| Special Status | First Ramsar site of Chhattisgarh (2025) |
| Importance | Biodiversity, migratory birds, wetland conservation |
RAJASTHAN
| Topic | Details |
|---|---|
| Ramsar Site | Siliserh Lake |
| Location | Alwar, Rajasthan |
MAHARASHTRA
| Topic | Details |
|---|---|
| Raisin Research Centre | Sangli under Shivaji University, Kolhapur |
| Blue Flag Beaches | Shrivardhan, Nagaon, Parnaka, Guhagar, Ladghar |
| Significance | Environmental excellence & sustainable tourism |
MADHYA PRADESH (MP)
| Topic | Details |
|---|---|
| Wildlife-Safe Highway | India’s first on NH-45 (table-top red markings) |
| Cheetah Habitat | Nauradehi Wildlife Sanctuary |
| Existing Cheetah Sites | Kuno NP, Gandhi Sagar Sanctuary |
| Veerangana Durgavati Tiger Reserve | To be developed as cheetah habitat |
| Health Campaign | ‘Swasth Nari, Sashakt Parivar’ Abhiyaan launched in Dhar |
| Textile Boost | PM Mitra Park inaugurated in Dhar |
| Focus Area | Maheshwari sarees, women empowerment |
| Clean Air | Indore topped Swachh Vayu Survekshan 2025 |
KARNATAKA
| Topic | Details |
|---|---|
| Defence Facility | New MRO facility near Bengaluru |
| Companies | Tata Advanced Systems & Lockheed Martin |
| Aircraft | C-130J Hercules |
| Objective | Defence readiness & Make in India |
NEW DELHI / NCR
| Topic | Details |
|---|---|
| Defence Symposium | India’s first Tri-Services Academia Technology Symposium (T-SATS) |
| Electronics Manufacturing | India’s first tempered glass factory in Noida |
| Fastest Train | Namo Bharat (160 km/h) |
| Route | Delhi–Meerut RRTS |
| Postal Innovation | First Gen-Z themed campus post office at IIT Delhi |
TELANGANA
| Topic | Details |
|---|---|
| Aviation Facility | India’s first global aircraft engine MRO |
| Location | Hyderabad |
| Impact | Aerospace growth & employment |
KERALA
| Topic | Details |
|---|---|
| Social Milestone | First Indian state to be free of extreme poverty |
| Declaration Date | 1 November |
GOA
| Topic | Details |
|---|---|
| Ayurveda Day | 10th Ayurveda Day |
| Date | 23 September 2025 |
| Theme | “Ayurveda for People & Planet” |
| Venue | AIIA |
HIMACHAL PRADESH
| Topic | Details |
|---|---|
| UNESCO Recognition | Cold Desert Biosphere Reserve added |
| Literacy | 4th fully literate Indian state |
| Others Fully Literate | Tripura, Mizoram, Goa |
LADAKH
| Topic | Details |
|---|---|
| Astronomical Event | 3rd Star Party |
| Location | Hanle Dark Sky Reserve |
HARYANA
| Topic | Details |
|---|---|
| Tourism & Wildlife | Asia’s largest jungle safari planned |
| Location | Aravalli Hills |
| Objective | Wildlife conservation & tourism |
TAMIL NADU
| Topic | Details |
|---|---|
| Conservation Centre | Hornbill Conservation Centre |
| Location | Anamalai Tiger Reserve |
| Dugong Reserve | India’s first Dugong Conservation Reserve |
| Location | Palk Bay |
| Year | 2022 |
JHARKHAND
| Topic | Details |
|---|---|
| Tourism Initiative | India’s first Mining Tourism Project |
| Purpose | Educational & cultural tourism |
BIHAR
| Topic | Details |
|---|---|
| Ramsar Site | Gogabeel Lake |
| Rail Innovation | Asia’s longest freight train ‘Rudrastra’ |
| Length | 4.5 km |
| Wagons | 345 |
| Trade Agreement | India-UK Free Trade Agreement (CETA) |
| Signing Occasion | PM Modi’s UK visit (July 24, 2025) |
Important Ranks
GLOBAL CLIMATE RISK INDEX (CRI)
| Aspect | Details |
|---|---|
| Index Name | Climate Risk Index (CRI) |
| Published By | Germanwatch |
| Started In | 2006 |
| Latest Release Mentioned | CRI 2026 |
| Released At | COP30, Belém, Brazil |
| Purpose | Tracks human & economic impacts of extreme weather events |
Most Affected Countries (Historical)
| Country | Notable Event |
|---|---|
| Dominica | Repeated extreme climate disasters |
| Myanmar | Cyclone Nargis (2008) – ~1,40,000 deaths |
| Honduras | Severe storms & floods |
| Libya | Climate-linked instability |
India in Climate Risk Index 2025
| Indicator | Rank |
|---|---|
| Long-term Rank | 9th most affected |
| Annual Rank (2024 data) | 15th |
GINI INDEX 2025
| Aspect | Details |
|---|---|
| Released By | World Bank |
| Developed By | Corrado Gini (1912) |
| Measures | Income inequality |
| Interpretation | Lower value = more equality |
Country-wise Gini Index (2025)
| Country | Gini Index |
|---|---|
| India | 25.5 |
| China | 35.7 |
| United States | 41.8 |
| Key Highlight | India ranked 4th most equal country globally |
GLOBAL INNOVATION INDEX (GII) 2025
| Aspect | Details |
|---|---|
| Edition | 38th |
| Published By | World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) |
| India’s Rank | 38th |
| India’s Strength | Knowledge outputs |
| Income Group Lead | Lower-middle-income economies |
Top 5 Countries – GII 2025
| Rank | Country | Score |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Switzerland | 66 |
| 2 | Sweden | 62.6 |
| 3 | United States | 61.7 |
| 4 | Republic of Korea | 60 |
| 5 | Singapore | 59.8 |
7 Pillars of Global Innovation Index
| Pillars |
|---|
| Institutions |
| Human Capital & Research |
| Infrastructure |
| Market Sophistication |
| Business Sophistication |
| Knowledge & Technology Outputs |
| Creative Outputs |
GLOBAL PEACE INDEX (GPI) 2025
| Aspect | Details |
|---|---|
| Edition | 19th |
| Released By | Institute for Economics and Peace (IEP) |
| Indicators Used | 23 |
Top 5 Peaceful Countries
| Rank | Country | Score | Region |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Iceland | 1.095 | Europe |
| 2 | Ireland | 1.126 | Europe |
| 3 | New Zealand | 1.282 | Oceania |
| 4 | Austria | 1.294 | Europe |
| 5 | Switzerland | 1.294 | Europe |
India in Global Peace Index 2025
| Country | Rank | Score |
|---|---|---|
| India | 115 | 2.229 |
3 Core Domains of GPI
| Domains |
|---|
| Societal Safety & Security |
| Ongoing Domestic & International Conflict |
| Degree of Militarisation |
Important Conference
G20 SUMMIT 2025
| Aspect | Details |
|---|---|
| Edition | 20th G20 Summit |
| Year | 2025 |
| Host City | Johannesburg |
| Host Country | South Africa |
| Historic Significance | First G20 Summit hosted on the African continent |
| Theme | “Solidarity, Equality, Sustainability” |
| Focus | Global South priorities, inclusive growth |
G20 Johannesburg Leaders’ Declaration
| Feature | Details |
|---|---|
| Length | 122 paragraphs |
| Key Focus Areas | Climate action, multilateral reforms, equitable global governance |
| Outcome | Consensus adopted by all member nations |
25TH SCO (SHANGHAI COOPERATION ORGANISATION) SUMMIT
| Aspect | Details |
|---|---|
| Summit | 25th SCO Heads of State Council |
| Date | August 31, 2025 |
| Venue | Tianjin, China |
| India’s Participation | PM Narendra Modi |
| Host Country | China (5th time hosting) |
| Theme | “Upholding the Shanghai Spirit: SCO on the Move” |
About SCO
| Aspect | Details |
|---|---|
| Established | 2001 |
| Origin | Shanghai Five (1996) |
| Headquarters | Beijing, China |
Key Focus Areas (2025)
| Focus |
|---|
| 10-year Development Strategy (2025–2035) |
| Review of 25 years of SCO |
| Regional security & counter-terrorism cooperation |
17TH BRICS SUMMIT
| Aspect | Details |
|---|---|
| Summit | 17th BRICS Leaders’ Summit |
| Host City | Rio de Janeiro |
| Host Country | Brazil |
| India’s Participation | PM Narendra Modi |
| Declaration | Rio de Janeiro Declaration |
History of BRICS
| Year | Development |
|---|---|
| 2006 | BRICS launched (Brazil, Russia, India, China) |
| 2011 | South Africa joined |
| 2025 | Indonesia joined (8 January 2025) |
| Previous Summit | 16th BRICS – Kazan, Russia |
| Future Chairmanship |
India will chair BRICS in 2026
|
| Next Hosted By India |
18th BRICS Summit (2026)
|
BRICS Members (2025)
| Members |
|---|
| Brazil |
| Russia |
| India |
| China |
| South Africa |
| Egypt |
| Ethiopia |
| Indonesia |
| Iran |
| UAE |
IMPORTANT GLOBAL CONFERENCES & SUMMITS
COP SUMMITS
| Conference | Year | Host |
|---|---|---|
| COP31 | 2026 | Turkey (Australia to lead negotiations) |
| COP32 | 2027 | Ethiopia (confirmation awaited) |
UNESCO & EARTH SUMMIT
| Event | Details |
|---|---|
| UNESCO MAB Council | Oman elected for 2025–2029 |
| Event | 43rd UNESCO General Conference |
| Venue | Samarkand, Uzbekistan |
EARTH Summit 2025
| Aspect | Details |
|---|---|
| Location | Gandhinagar, India |
| Key Figure | Amit Shah |
| Initiative | Sahakar Sarathi |
| Outcome | 13+ digital cooperative services |
| New Schemes | Cooperative taxi & insurance |
| Objective | Boost rural economy |
TECHNOLOGY & AI
| Summit | Details |
|---|---|
| AI Summit 2026 | Logo unveiled in New Delhi |
| Symbolism | Ashoka Chakra + neural flares |
| Focus | Ethical AI, innovation, inclusiveness |
SECURITY & MARITIME SUMMITS
Landlocked Developing Countries Conference
| Aspect | Details |
|---|---|
| Event | 3rd UN Conference on LLDCs |
| Location | Awaza, Turkmenistan |
Maritime Security Dialogue
| Aspect | Details |
|---|---|
| Countries | India – Norway |
| Venue | Oslo |
| Focus | Non-proliferation, maritime law, regional security |
| Aspect | Details |
|---|---|
| 4th Summit | Rome (11–12 Sept 2025) |
| India’s Role | Participant & bidder |
| 5th Summit | India to host in Chennai (2027) |
| Significance | ICG Golden Jubilee |
Important Govt. Scheme
Key Government Schemes & Initiatives (2025)
| Scheme / Initiative | Launch / Duration | Objective / Purpose | Key Features / Highlights | Implementing Agency / Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| VB-GRAM (2025) | 2025 | Modernize rural employment system, guarantee wage work | 125 days statutory wage employment per rural household; tech-enabled decentralized planning (VGPPs); integrated with PM Gati Shakti; unemployment allowance if work not provided within 15 days | Centrally Sponsored Scheme; builds on MGNREGA legacy |
| UDAN Scheme (Ude Desh Ka Aam Nagrik) | 21 Oct 2016 (10-year celebration in 2025) | Enhance regional connectivity and air travel | 649 operational routes; 1.56 crore passengers; ₹4,638 crore invested in regional airports; ₹4,300 crore Viability Gap Funding (VGF) | Ministry of Civil Aviation |
| Global Solar Initiative (ISA 2025) | 2025 | Promote solar energy, inclusive green transition | Platforms: SUNRISE (global solar grid), OSOWOG (solar waste upcycling), GCC, SIDS Platform (joint procurement for island nations); GSS Global Capability Centre (R&D & innovation) | International Solar Alliance (ISA); President Murmu highlighted people-first solar revolution |
| Children in India Report 2025 | 25 Sept 2025 | Assess child welfare & development | 4th edition; 7 chapters: Population, Health, Education, Crime, Policy & SDGs | Ministry of Statistics & Programme Implementation (MoSPI) |
| NARI Report 2025 | 2025 | Assess women’s empowerment & development | Jaipur among lowest-performing cities; top-performing cities: Kohima, Visakhapatnam, Bhubaneswar, Aizawl, Gangtok, Itanagar, Mumbai | PValue Analytics; NCW |
| DHRUVA | 2025 | Digitize addresses for efficient service delivery | Address as a Service (AaaS); secure validated digital IDs | Ministry of Electronics & IT |
| PM SETU Scheme | 2025 | Upgrade ITIs to industry-ready standards | ₹60,000 crore investment; 1,000 ITIs across India including Bihar | Ministry of Skill Development & Entrepreneurship |
| Goa’s “Mhaje Ghar” | 2025 | Provide ownership rights to residents | Regularize houses on government & community land | Launched by Amit Shah, Goa government |
| PM Dhan Dhaanya Krishi Yojana & Mission for Aatmanirbharta in Pulses | 12 Oct 2025 | Boost agriculture & pulse self-reliance | Projects worth ₹42,000 crore in agriculture & allied sectors | PM GatiShakti framework |
| PM GatiShakti | 2021 (4th anniversary in 2025) | Integrated multimodal infrastructure planning | Multi-ministry & multi-state connectivity; infrastructure modernization | Ministry of Commerce & Industry |
| Jal Jeevan Mission | 2025 | Ensure tap water access | 15.71 crore rural households covered; 80% coverage; focus on sustainability & district-level governance | Ministry of Jal Shakti |
| Fare Se Fursat | 2025 | Fixed airfare scheme for domestic flights | Inaugurated by Minister of Civil Aviation | Ministry of Civil Aviation |
| CM Flight Initiative (Assam) | 2025 | Enable global career opportunities for youth | Training, placements, exposure programs | Assam CM & State Govt |
| ‘We Rise’ Initiative | 2025 | Empower women-led MSMEs | Mentorship, trade access, global market support | NITI Aayog & DP World |
| NAVYA Scheme | June 2025 | Empower adolescent girls | Training in digital marketing, cybersecurity, life skills; promote self-reliance | MSDE & MWCD |
| NAMASTE Scheme | 2025 | Promote social justice & empowerment | No specific highlights mentioned | Ministry of Social Justice & Empowerment |
| PM SVANidhi Scheme (restructured) | 2025 | Strengthen urban livelihoods & digital inclusion | Loan tranches enhanced; UPI-linked RuPay cards; extended till March 2030 | Union Cabinet |
| Shramashree Scheme (West Bengal) | 2025 | Support returning migrant workers | Assistance to workers facing harassment outside the State | West Bengal Govt |
Books And Authors
| Author / Personality | Book Title | Theme / Highlights | Publisher / Notes | Release Date |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DY Chandrachud | Why the Constitution Matters | Explores the role of constitutional values in shaping Indian society and everyday life | – | 2025 |
| Arundhati Roy | Memoir on Mother Mary (Mary Roy) | Reflections on her mother’s life; personal and family memoir | – | 2025 |
| Anupam Kher | Different But No Less | Life challenges, inspiration from real-life experiences, film-making journey (Tanvi) | – | 2025 |
| Mohar Basu | Salman Khan: The Sultan of Bollywood | Biography of Salman Khan; career insights and Bollywood journey | HarperCollins India | 20 Dec 2025 |
| Shikhar Dhawan | The One: Cricket, My Life and More | Autobiography detailing cricket career, personal life, and achievements | – | 2025 |
Festivals
| Festival / Event | Location | Dates | Highlights / Significance | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Vigyanika: Science Literature Festival 2025 | New Delhi | 8–9 Dec 2025 | Part of India International Science Festival (IISF); promotes science and literature | – |
| Charaichung Festival | Majuli, Assam | 2025 (recently) | Revives Asia’s first protected royal bird sanctuary; celebrates local culture and biodiversity | Asia’s first protected bird sanctuary |
| 26th Hornbill Festival | Kisama, Kohima, Nagaland | 1–10 Dec 2025 | Celebrates Naga traditions, music, dance, crafts, and cuisine | Switzerland & Ireland announced as country partners for 2025 edition |
| Raulane Festival | Kinnaur, Himachal Pradesh | 2025 | Winter celebration with sacred dances, masked rituals, and centuries-old folklore | Held at Nagin Narayan temple |
GI Tags
| Product / Item | State | GI Tag Details / Significance | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ambaji Marble | Gujarat | Recognized for its milky white beauty and historic value; boosts export potential and supports local artisans | – |
| Tungbuk & Pumtong Pulit (Lepcha Instruments) | Sikkim | GI registration strengthens cultural identity and livelihoods of the Lepcha community | – |
Important Operations
| Operation Name | Type / Sector | Key Details / Achievements | Agencies / Participants |
|---|---|---|---|
| Operation Rahat | Disaster Relief | Rescued 6,000 people, provided medical aid to 13,000, restored infrastructure in flood-hit Punjab, Himachal, J&K | Indian Army |
| Operation Swarna | Environmental / River Restoration | Large-scale restoration & protection of Swarnamukhi River in Tirupati | Tirupati Urban Development Authority (TUDA) |
| Operation Mahadev | Counter-terrorism | Neutralised 3 high-value terrorists including mastermind of April 22 Pahalgam attack | Indian Army (Para SF), CRPF, J&K Police |
| Operation Akhand Prahar | Military Readiness | Showcased multi-domain war readiness; led by RUDRA Brigade | Indian Army |
| Operation Ayni | International Military Support | Assisted Ayni Air Base in Tajikistan; India’s operation concluded after running base since 2002 | Indian Defence Forces |
| Operation Muskaan-XI | Child Rescue / Social | Rescued children from exploitative and hazardous conditions across Telangana (1–31 July 2025) | State Police & Child Welfare Agencies |
| Operation ShivShakti | Counter-infiltration | Eliminated 2 terrorists attempting LoC infiltration | Indian Army |
| Operation Alert | Border Security | High-intensity security drive along Rajasthan border before Independence Day 2025 | BSF |
| Operation Shiva 2025 | Amarnath Yatra Security | Ensured safety of pilgrims using soldiers, drones, medical teams | Indian Army |
| Operation Kalanemi | Anti-Fraud / Religious Misuse | Action against fake saints cheating people in Uttarakhand | State Government of Uttarakhand |
| Operation Melon 2025 | Anti-Narcotics | Busted international darknet drug racket; recovered LSD, Ketamine, cryptocurrency | Narcotics Control Bureau (NCB) |
Important Projects
| Project Name | Sector / Domain | Key Details | Implementing / Organising Body |
|---|---|---|---|
| EKAM AI & SAMBHAV | Defence Technology / AI | Indian Army showcased indigenous technologies under Ekam AI and SAMBHAV during Vijay Diwas celebrations | Indian Army |
| Project Mausam | Culture / Maritime Heritage | National Workshop titled “Islands at the Crossroads of Maritime Networks within the Indian Ocean Region” organised to highlight India’s historical maritime connections | Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) |
| Project Mahadeva | Sports Development / Grassroots Talent | Selects 30 boys and 30 girls (Under-13) for five-year football scholarships; 60 children to train with Lionel Messi at GOAT Football Clinic | Sports Development Authorities / Project Mahadeva Team |